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World View |
Victories against AIDS have lessons for COVID-19
Anthony Fauci on four decades of progress against HIV, and what’s needed for the future.
- Anthony Fauci
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Article
| Open AccessA COVID-19 peptide vaccine for the induction of SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity
A phase I open-label trial evaluating the immunogencity, reactogenicity and safety of a peptide-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate to induce SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses.
- Jonas S. Heitmann
- , Tatjana Bilich
- & Juliane S. Walz
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Where I Work |
All-nighter: staying up to fight malaria
Victor Chaumeau collects mosquitoes in Myanmar to better understand how to control malaria.
- Brendan Maher
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Nature Index |
Wolbachia goes to work in the war on mosquitoes
The bacterium has helped combat dengue, but can it be used to purge other mosquito-borne diseases?
- Sandy Ong
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Article |
Immunogenicity and efficacy of heterologous ChAdOx1–BNT162b2 vaccination
An observational study of more than 13,000 healthcare workers shows that a prime–boost vaccine regimen of AstraZeneca ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19 with Pfizer BNT162b2 provides enhanced protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with two doses of BNT162b2.
- Bruno Pozzetto
- , Vincent Legros
- & Sophie Trouillet-Assant
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Article |
Regulation of intestinal immunity and tissue repair by enteric glia
Enteric glial cells have tissue-wide immunoregulatory roles through the upregulation of IFNγ-dependent genes both at steady state and after parasite infection, promoting immune homeostasis and CXCL10-mediated tissue repair after pathogen-induced intestinal damage in mice.
- Fränze Progatzky
- , Michael Shapiro
- & Vassilis Pachnis
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Article
| Open AccessHybrid immunity improves B cells and antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants
Single-cell-level analysis of memory B cells and their response to vaccination against all SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in individuals who either had or had not been previously exposed to the virus.
- Emanuele Andreano
- , Ida Paciello
- & Rino Rappuoli
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Article
| Open AccessGenomic reconstruction of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in England
A study of the evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in England between September 2020 and June 2021 finds that interventions capable of containing previous variants were insufficient to stop the more transmissible Alpha and Delta variants.
- Harald S. Vöhringer
- , Theo Sanderson
- & Moritz Gerstung
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Article
| Open AccessLeprosy in wild chimpanzees
Monitoring of western chimpanzee populations in Guinea-Bissau and Côte d’Ivoire reveals the presence of rare and different genotypes of Mycobacterium leprae, suggesting greater circulation in wild animals than previously thought.
- Kimberley J. Hockings
- , Benjamin Mubemba
- & Fabian H. Leendertz
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News |
Scientists hail historic malaria vaccine approval — but point to challenges ahead
The WHO-approved RTS,S vaccine has modest efficacy and requires a complex regimen of doses, so ample funding and clear communication will be crucial to success.
- Amy Maxmen
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News |
Resistance to front-line malaria drugs confirmed in Africa
The artemisinin-based treatments are taking longer to clear infections. But they are still working — for now.
- Max Kozlov
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Matters Arising |
Reply to: A finding of sex similarities rather than differences in COVID-19 outcomes
- Takehiro Takahashi
- , Mallory K. Ellingson
- & Akiko Iwasaki
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Article |
Fc-engineered antibody therapeutics with improved anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy
Optimization of monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 for enhanced Fc-effector function increase their effectiveness for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in multiple animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- Rachel Yamin
- , Andrew T. Jones
- & Stylianos Bournazos
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News |
Vaccine innovation and COVID’s collateral damage — the week in infographics
Nature highlights three key infographics from the week in science and research.
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Article |
Rational design of a new antibiotic class for drug-resistant infections
A lead-optimization strategy combining porin permeation properties and biochemical potency leads to development of a new class of antibiotic based on broad inhibition of penicillin-binding proteins from Gram-negative bacteria.
- Thomas F. Durand-Reville
- , Alita A. Miller
- & Ruben A. Tommasi
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Article |
Lectins enhance SARS-CoV-2 infection and influence neutralizing antibodies
C-type lectins and SIGLEC1 function as attachment receptors for SARS-CoV-2 and enhance ACE2-mediated infection.
- Florian A. Lempp
- , Leah B. Soriaga
- & Davide Corti
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Article |
Burden and characteristics of COVID-19 in the United States during 2020
Data-driven modelling including numbers of cases and population movements is used to simulate the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States in 2020, providing insights into the transmission of the disease.
- Sen Pei
- , Teresa K. Yamana
- & Jeffrey Shaman
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Article
| Open AccessRapid and stable mobilization of CD8+ T cells by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine
Longitudinal analyses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine-elicited epitope-specific CD8+ T cell responses shows that CD8+ T cells are rapidly induced after prime vaccination and stably maintained after boost vaccination.
- Valerie Oberhardt
- , Hendrik Luxenburger
- & Maike Hofmann
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Article |
Broad sarbecovirus neutralization by a human monoclonal antibody
The human monoclonal antibody S2X259 cross-reacts with spike proteins from all clades of sarbecovirus, and provides prophylactic and therapeutic protection in vivo against parental SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants of concern.
- M. Alejandra Tortorici
- , Nadine Czudnochowski
- & Matteo Samuele Pizzuto
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Article |
SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibodies that maximize breadth and resistance to escape
A survey of SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibodies identifies those with activity against diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants and SARS-related coronaviruses, highlighting epitopes and features to prioritize in antibody and vaccine development.
- Tyler N. Starr
- , Nadine Czudnochowski
- & Gyorgy Snell
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Perspective |
After the pandemic: perspectives on the future trajectory of COVID-19
This Perspective discusses possible future patterns of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the development of variants, potential changes in the patterns of spread and the implications for vaccine deployment and the potential consequences of these issues for the development of policy.
- Amalio Telenti
- , Ann Arvin
- & Herbert W. Virgin
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Article
| Open AccessMapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19
A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.
- Mari E. K. Niemi
- , Juha Karjalainen
- & Chloe Donohue
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News Round-Up |
CRISPR-therapy promise, malaria vaccine and pandemic parenting
The latest science news, in brief.
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News & Views |
Malaria vaccine gets a parasite boost in the liver
Effective malaria vaccines are urgently needed. Now, clinical evidence indicates that a vaccination approach that uses live parasites growing in the liver can generate high levels of immune protection from infection.
- Nana K. Minkah
- & Stefan H. I. Kappe
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News |
Vaccine made of live malaria parasites shows early success
Strategy uses a combination of parasites and medicines to generate immunity while avoiding symptoms.
- Heidi Ledford
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Article |
Two chemoattenuated PfSPZ malaria vaccines induce sterile hepatic immunity
Two malaria vaccines comprising Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites and treatment with either pyrimethamine or chloroquine induced durable protective responses against both the African vaccine strain and a heterologous South American strain of P. falciparum.
- Agnes Mwakingwe-Omari
- , Sara A. Healy
- & Patrick E. Duffy
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Article
| Open AccessNanobodies from camelid mice and llamas neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants
Multivalent nanobodies against SARS-CoV-2 from mice engineered to produce camelid nanobodies recognize conserved epitopes that are inaccessible to human antibodies and show promise as a strategy for dealing with viral escape mutations.
- Jianliang Xu
- , Kai Xu
- & Rafael Casellas
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Article |
Spread of a SARS-CoV-2 variant through Europe in the summer of 2020
Analysis of the spread of the 20E (EU1) variant of SARS-CoV-2 through Europe suggests that international travel and insufficient containment, rather than increased transmissibility, led to a resurgence of infections.
- Emma B. Hodcroft
- , Moira Zuber
- & Richard A. Neher
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Article |
BNT162b2 vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies and poly-specific T cells in humans
In a phase-I/II trial in healthy adults, the BNT162b2 vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies and poly-specific T cells against SARS-CoV-2 epitopes that are conserved in a wide range of currently circulating variants.
- Ugur Sahin
- , Alexander Muik
- & Özlem Türeci
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Article
| Open AccessSwarm Learning for decentralized and confidential clinical machine learning
Swarm Learning is a decentralized machine learning approach that outperforms classifiers developed at individual sites for COVID-19 and other diseases while preserving confidentiality and privacy.
- Stefanie Warnat-Herresthal
- , Hartmut Schultze
- & Joachim L. Schultze
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Article |
Diverse functional autoantibodies in patients with COVID-19
Rapid extracellular antigen profiling of a cohort of 194 individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 uncovers diverse autoantibody responses that affect COVID-19 disease severity, progression and clinical and immunological characteristics.
- Eric Y. Wang
- , Tianyang Mao
- & Aaron M. Ring
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Article |
The epidemiological impact of the NHS COVID-19 app
Statistical analysis of COVID-19 transmission among users of a smartphone-based digital contact-tracing app suggests that such apps can be an effective measure for reducing disease spread.
- Chris Wymant
- , Luca Ferretti
- & Christophe Fraser
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Article |
Neutralizing antibody vaccine for pandemic and pre-emergent coronaviruses
Immunization of macaques with nanoparticle-conjugated receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 adjuvanted with 3M-052 and alum results in cross-neutralizing antibodies against bat coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 variants, and may provide a platform for developing pan-coronavirus vaccines.
- Kevin O. Saunders
- , Esther Lee
- & Barton F. Haynes
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Article |
COVID-19 tissue atlases reveal SARS-CoV-2 pathology and cellular targets
Single-cell analysis of lung, heart, kidney and liver autopsy samples shows the molecular and cellular changes and immune response resulting from severe COVID-19 infection.
- Toni M. Delorey
- , Carly G. K. Ziegler
- & Aviv Regev
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Nature Podcast |
What fruit flies could teach scientists about brain imaging
Ultra-precise measurements connect brain activity and energy use in individual fruit-fly neurons.
- Benjamin Thompson
- & Shamini Bundell
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News |
Malaria vaccine shows promise — now come tougher trials
Preliminary results suggest the vaccine is up to 77% effective in young children, but researchers await larger studies.
- Heidi Ledford
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Article |
High-dimensional characterization of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19
Healthcare data from the US Department of Veterans Affairs are used to characterize the six-month incident sequelae of individuals who survive for at least thirty days after developing COVID-19.
- Ziyad Al-Aly
- , Yan Xie
- & Benjamin Bowe
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Article |
Drugs that inhibit TMEM16 proteins block SARS-CoV-2 spike-induced syncytia
Lungs from patients who died from COVID-19 show atypical fused cells, the formation of which is mediated by the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, and drugs that inhibit TMEM16F can prevent spike-induced syncytia formation.
- Luca Braga
- , Hashim Ali
- & Mauro Giacca
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Article |
Structural basis of malaria RIFIN binding by LILRB1-containing antibodies
Plasmodium antigens called RIFINs bind to specific antibodies that incorporate the inhibitory receptor LILRB1 through its D3 domain, illustrating the principle of receptor-containing antibodies.
- Yiwei Chen
- , Kai Xu
- & Antonio Lanzavecchia
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Article |
The spatial landscape of lung pathology during COVID-19 progression
Imaging mass cytometry of the human lung reveals the cellular composition and spatial architecture during COVID-19 and other acute injuries, enabling the characterization of lung pathophysiology from structural, immunological and clinical perspectives.
- André F. Rendeiro
- , Hiranmayi Ravichandran
- & Robert E. Schwartz
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Article |
Assessing transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 in England
Genetic and testing data from England show that the SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern B.1.1.7 has a transmission advantage over other lineages.
- Erik Volz
- , Swapnil Mishra
- & Neil M. Ferguson
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Article |
Bispecific IgG neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 variants and prevents escape in mice
The bispecific IgG1-like CoV-X2 prevents SARS-CoV-2 spike binding to ACE2, neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and its variants of concern, protects against disease in a mouse model, whereas the parental monoclonal antibodies generate viral escape.
- Raoul De Gasparo
- , Mattia Pedotti
- & Luca Varani
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Article |
Quadrivalent influenza nanoparticle vaccines induce broad protection
A nanoparticle influenza vaccine candidate is shown to induce broad cross-reactive antibody responses in animal models.
- Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum
- , Daniel Ellis
- & Masaru Kanekiyo
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Article |
Clofazimine broadly inhibits coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2
The anti-leprosy drug clofazimine inhibits coronavirus replication in several cell models and shows potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection in a hamster model, particularly when used in combination with remdesivir.
- Shuofeng Yuan
- , Xin Yin
- & Kwok-Yung Yuen
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Article |
Increased mortality in community-tested cases of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7
Analysis of community-tested cases of SARS-CoV-2 indicates that the B.1.1.7 variant is not only more transmissible than pre-existing variants, but may also cause more severe illness, and is associated with a higher risk of death.
- Nicholas G. Davies
- , Christopher I. Jarvis
- & Ruth H. Keogh
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Article |
Antibody resistance of SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.351 and B.1.1.7
The SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 can be neutralized by convalescent sera or sera from vaccinated individuals, whereas the B.1.351 variant is resistant to neutralization by these sera and by several monoclonal antibodies that are in clinical use.
- Pengfei Wang
- , Manoj S. Nair
- & David D. Ho
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Article |
SARS-CoV-2 spike D614G change enhances replication and transmission
A SARS-CoV-2 variant containing a D614G substitution in the spike protein shows enhanced binding to human ACE2, increased replication in human cell cultures and a competitive advantage in animal models of infection.
- Bin Zhou
- , Tran Thi Nhu Thao
- & Martin Beer
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Matters Arising |
Issues with combining incompatible and sterile insect techniques
- Riccardo Moretti
- & Maurizio Calvitti
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Matters Arising |
Reply to: Issues with combining incompatible and sterile insect techniques
- Yongjun Li
- , Luke Anthony Baton
- & Zhiyong Xi