Featured
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| Open AccessMagnetic field filtering of the boundary supercurrent in unconventional metal NiTe2-based Josephson junctions
The authors study Josephson junctions where the weak link is a NiTe2 flake. They find that in-plane magnetic field in a particular direction causes the supercurrent to concentrate in the edges of the flake, excluding the bulk. They further argue that the supercurrent is carried by higher-order hinge states.
- Tian Le
- , Ruihan Zhang
- & Fanming Qu
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Article
| Open AccessOne-photon three-dimensional printed fused silica glass with sub-micron features
3D-printed glass holds great potential. However, it is challenging to control both the dimension and the resolution of the printed material. Here, authors present a one-photon 3D printing approach to produce high-performance fused silica glass with sub-micron resolution and millimetric dimensions.
- Ziyong Li
- , Yanwen Jia
- & Xiewen Wen
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Article
| Open AccessDecreasing exciton dissociation rates for reduced voltage losses in organic solar cells
The device’s electroluminescence efficiency is vital to reduce non-radiative voltage losses and boost organic solar cell performance. Here, the authors demonstrate that this efficiency is influenced not only by the decay of charge transfer states but also by the dissociation of singlet states.
- Hongbo Wu
- , Hao Lu
- & Zheng Tang
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Article
| Open AccessQuantifying the interfacial triboelectricity in inorganic-organic composite mechanoluminescent materials
Mechanoluminescence enables sensing applications of mechanical stimuli. Here, the authors reveal the importance of interfacial triboelectricity to this phenomenon in inorganic-organic composite materials.
- Xin Pan
- , Yixi Zhuang
- & Rong-Jun Xie
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Article
| Open AccessA detachable interface for stable low-voltage stretchable transistor arrays and high-resolution X-ray imaging
Pixel size, power consumption, and stability of stretchable optoelectronic devices limit their application in digital imaging. Bian et al. developed a universal detachable interface technique for damage-free micropattern, reproducible transfer and ideal heterocontact of intrinsically stretchable electrodes.
- Yangshuang Bian
- , Mingliang Zhu
- & Yunlong Guo
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Article
| Open AccessMultiscale reconfiguration induced highly saturated poling in lead-free piezoceramics for giant energy conversion
There are difficulty of achieving saturated poling and understanding of multi-scale structures in (K, Na)NbO3 ceramics. Here, the authors find atomic-scale polymorphic distortion and micrometer-scale high-density thin striped domains, which is key for high saturated poling.
- Jinfeng Lin
- , Jin Qian
- & Haijun Wu
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Article
| Open AccessHeight-renderable morphable tactile display enabled by programmable modulation of local stiffness in photothermally active polymer
The controllability of deformation height in reconfigurable touch displays currently limits their deliverable information. Hwang et al. present a light-triggered morphable tactile display enabling generation of refreshable, height-adjustable, and latchable 3D topologies with varying textures on a thin film surface.
- Inwook Hwang
- , Seongcheol Mun
- & Sungryul Yun
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Article
| Open AccessStrain regulates the photovoltaic performance of thick-film perovskites
The power conversion efficiencies of thick-film perovskite solar cells lag behind those with nanometre film thickness. Here, the authors rule out the restrictions of carrier lifetime on device performance and reveal the critical role of lattice strain in micron-scale thick perovskite films.
- Pengju Shi
- , Jiazhe Xu
- & Rui Wang
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Article
| Open AccessFlexible temperature-pressure dual sensor based on 3D spiral thermoelectric Bi2Te3 films
A three-dimensional spiral architecture is used to exploit both thermoelectric and piezoelectric properties of Bi2Te3 films to make a combined temperature and pressure sensor in a single material, with applications such as electronic skin.
- Hailong Yu
- , Zhenqing Hu
- & Kaiping Tai
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Article
| Open AccessContribution of irreversible non-180° domain to performance for multiphase coexisted potassium sodium niobate ceramics
Seeking eco-friendly materials with equivalent performance to lead-based piezoelectric materials remains an urgent demand. Here, the authors design potassium–sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric materials with large potential.
- Bo Wu
- , Lin Zhao
- & Ke Wang
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Article
| Open AccessBroadband nonlinear modulation of incoherent light using a transparent optoelectronic neuron array
Merging 2D transparent phototransistors and liquid crystal modulators, authors report an optoelectronic neuron array for self-amplitude modulation of spatially incoherent light, achieving a large nonlinear contrast over a broad spectrum at orders-of-magnitude lower intensity.
- Dehui Zhang
- , Dong Xu
- & Xiangfeng Duan
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Article
| Open AccessUniversal growth of perovskite thin monocrystals from high solute flux for sensitive self-driven X-ray detection
Liu et al. report a universal solution growth method for perovskite thin monocrystals by improving the mass transfer in the high solute flux system. The approach is applied to 29 types of perovskites with growth velocity up to 27.2 µm min-1 and enables efficient self-driven X-ray detectors.
- Da Liu
- , Yichu Zheng
- & Yu Hou
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Article
| Open AccessBiomimetic nanocluster photoreceptors for adaptative circular polarization vision
All-in-one multi-task photoperception is desirable for artificial vision systems. Wen et al. present wafer-scale high density integration of artificial photoreceptors that combine photoadaptation and circular polarized light vision, enabled by chiral-nanocluster-conjugated molecule heterostructures.
- Wei Wen
- , Guocai Liu
- & Yunqi Liu
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Article
| Open AccessTriboelectric micro-flexure-sensitive fiber electronics
Fiber electronics for monitoring micro-physiological activities are limited by their sensitivity at micro-flexure deformation. Here, Lin et al. report a micro-flexure-sensitive fiber with nanofiber buckling and ion conduction mechanism. Wearable biomechanical feedback system is demonstrated using the woven textile.
- Shaomei Lin
- , Weifeng Yang
- & Hongzhi Wang
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Article
| Open AccessUnderstanding of complex spin up-conversion processes in charge-transfer-type organic molecules
Kim et al. propose a model for the complex spin-flip process in charge-transfer-type thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecules, uncovering the origin of the high-lying triplet state, addressing a pressing issue discussed over the last decade.
- Hyung Suk Kim
- , Sang Hoon Lee
- & Chihaya Adachi
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Article
| Open AccessPushing the thinness limit of silver films for flexible optoelectronic devices via ion-beam thinning-back process
The use of thin silver films with nanometric thickness for optoelectronic devices is essential for high transparency, flexibility, and electrical properties. Ma et al. report a thinning-back process with a flood ion beam, to further reduce film thickness down to 4.5 nm.
- Dongxu Ma
- , Ming Ji
- & Huigao Duan
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Article
| Open AccessSpeaking without vocal folds using a machine-learning-assisted wearable sensing-actuation system
Addressing challenges in voice disorders, the authors present a self-powered, wearable sensor-actuator system based on magnetoelasticity. This innovation enables assisted speaking by capturing laryngeal movements and translating them into voice signals, bypassing the vocal folds.
- Ziyuan Che
- , Xiao Wan
- & Jun Chen
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Article
| Open AccessHigh-performance bifacial perovskite solar cells enabled by single-walled carbon nanotubes
The suboptimal optical transmittance of back electrodes and complex fabrication process hindered development of bifacial perovskite solar cells. Here, authors apply single-walled carbon nanotubes as front and back electrodes, achieving power generation density of 36% and bifaciality factor of 98%.
- Jing Zhang
- , Xian-Gang Hu
- & Wei Zhang
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Article
| Open AccessFully inkjet-printed Ag2Se flexible thermoelectric devices for sustainable power generation
Ag2Se-based flexible thermoelectric devices are fabricated by inkjet printing technology, which demonstrate exceptional power generation performance owing to unique patterning capability and high-resolution device integration.
- Yan Liu
- , Qihao Zhang
- & Wan Jiang
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Article
| Open AccessTri-system integration in metal-oxide nanocomposites via in-situ solution-processed method for ultrathin flexible transparent electrodes
Fabricating flexible transparent electrodes with robust operational stability alongside electrical and mechanical properties is challenging. Here, Kim et al. develop ultrathin flexible transparent electrodes using in-situ solution-processing and unveil interface dynamics of the integrated tri-system.
- John Jinwook Kim
- , Kojima Shuji
- & Wallace C. H. Choy
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Article
| Open AccessRoom temperature chirality switching and detection in a helimagnetic MnAu2 thin film
Some materials have an internal degree of freedom called chirality, such as helimagnets, where the magnetic order has a helix structure with a specific chirality. Here, Masuda et al. demonstrate chirality switching and detection at room temperature in helimagnetic MnAu2 thin films.
- Hidetoshi Masuda
- , Takeshi Seki
- & Yoshinori Onose
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Article
| Open AccessNeuromorphic antennal sensory system
Artificial sensory systems are often limited in structure and functionality. Here, Jiang et al. report a neuromorphic antennal sensory system that achieves spatiotemporal perception of vibrotactile and magnetic stimuli, showcasing biomimetic perceptual intelligence.
- Chengpeng Jiang
- , Honghuan Xu
- & Wentao Xu
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Article
| Open Access3D-integrated multilayered physical reservoir array for learning and forecasting time-series information
A wide reservoir computing system is an advanced architecture. However, its hardware implementation remains elusive due to the lack of 3D architecture framework. Choi et al. demonstrate such hardware made of a multilayered 3D stacked memristive crossbar array for efficient learning and forecasting.
- Sanghyeon Choi
- , Jaeho Shin
- & Gunuk Wang
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Review Article
| Open AccessHardware implementation of memristor-based artificial neural networks
Memristors hold promise for massively-parallel computing at low power. Aguirre et al. provide a comprehensive protocol of the materials and methods for designing memristive artificial neural networks with the detailed working principles of each building block and the tools for performance evaluation.
- Fernando Aguirre
- , Abu Sebastian
- & Mario Lanza
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Article
| Open AccessLong-term monitoring of ultratrace nucleic acids using tetrahedral nanostructure-based NgAgo on wearable microneedles
Monitoring of biomarkers with wearable devices holds potential for personal health management. Here the authors demonstrate a wearable device based on tetrahedral DNA nanostructures and prokaryotic argonaute to monitor real-time sepsis-associated nucleic acid
- Bin Yang
- , Haonan Wang
- & Xueen Fang
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Article
| Open AccessCrystallization of piezoceramic films on glass via flash lamp annealing
Direct growth of piezoelectric oxides on glass is difficult due to high processing temperatures. Here, the authors demonstrate a flash lamp process for the growth of films on various glasses in a few seconds only. The films have piezoelectric e33,f of −5 C m−2 and can be used in haptic devices.
- Longfei Song
- , Juliette Cardoletti
- & Sebastjan Glinšek
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Article
| Open AccessEpitaxy of wafer-scale single-crystal MoS2 monolayer via buffer layer control
2D MoS2 is being intensively investigated as a promising candidate to extend the downscaling of electronic devices. Here, the authors report a buffer-layer-control method for the growth of wafer-scale single-crystalline MoS2 monolayers on industry-compatible sapphire substrates with competitive optical and electronic properties.
- Lu Li
- , Qinqin Wang
- & Guangyu Zhang
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Article
| Open AccessIn-vivo integration of soft neural probes through high-resolution printing of liquid electronics on the cranium
Neural systems are often bulky and heavy. Here, the authors produce a conformable neural interface for mice using liquid metals directly printed on the skull that can monitor neural activities with long-term stability.
- Young-Geun Park
- , Yong Won Kwon
- & Jang-Ung Park
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Article
| Open AccessReconfigurable perovskite X-ray detector for intelligent imaging
In-sensor computing requires detectors with polarity reconfigurability and linear responsivity. Pang et al. report a CsPbBr3 perovskite single crystal X-ray detector for edge extraction imaging with a data compression ratio of 46.4% and classification task with an accuracy of 100%.
- Jincong Pang
- , Haodi Wu
- & Guangda Niu
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Article
| Open AccessSelf-regulated reversal deformation and locomotion of structurally homogenous hydrogels subjected to constant light illumination
Environmentally adaptive hydrogels have great potential as soft robotics but achieving self-regulated reversal shape deformation in homogenous hydrogels under a constant stimulus is challenging. Here, the authors report responsive hydrogels functionalized with two photoswitchable spiropyrans that exhibit self-regulated transient deformation reversal when subjected to constant illumination.
- Kexin Guo
- , Xuehan Yang
- & Chuang Li
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Article
| Open AccessHigh-order sensory processing nanocircuit based on coupled VO2 oscillators
It is challenging to create efficient and compact neuromorphic sensory system based on nano-scale nonlinear dynamics. Yang et al. present a capacitance-coupled VO2 oscillatory network, which serves as a continuous-time dynamic system for sensory pre-processing, enabling tasks such as touch and gesture recognition.
- Ke Yang
- , Yanghao Wang
- & Yuchao Yang
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Article
| Open AccessComputational design of ultra-robust strain sensors for soft robot perception and autonomy
Due to the deformable nature of soft robots, developing robust sensors that can sustain stability and performance is a challenge. Here, the authors report a computational strain sensor design based on a programmed crack array for predictable, tunable, and stable sensing performance.
- Haitao Yang
- , Shuo Ding
- & Ghim Wei Ho
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Article
| Open AccessDynamic X-ray imaging with screen-printed perovskite CMOS array
Biomedical X-ray imaging requires high spatial and temporal resolution of the detectors. Liu et al. report a screen-printed perovskite direct-conversion X-ray CMOS imager with a spatial resolution of 5 lp mm−1 and a speed of 300 fps for low-dose 2D radiography and 3D computed tomography imaging.
- Yanliang Liu
- , Chaosong Gao
- & Yongshuai Ge
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Article
| Open AccessA hybrid transistor with transcriptionally controlled computation and plasticity
Interfacing living systems with electronics for biosensing and biocomputing applications is challenging. Here, Gao et al. present hybrid transistors with electroactive bacteria capable of extracellular electron transfer, enabling transduction of biological computations to electrical readouts.
- Yang Gao
- , Yuchen Zhou
- & Benjamin K. Keitz
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Article
| Open AccessInorganic perovskite-based active multifunctional integrated photonic devices
Researchers showcase an integrated photonic device with monocrystalline CsPbBr3 perovskite. Employing top-down etching approach, it introduces for micro lasers, beam splitters, X-couplers, Mach-Zehnder interferometers on perovskite films. This opens avenues for integrating perovskite semiconductors into optical chips, promising advancements in information and computing science.
- Qi Han
- , Jun Wang
- & Li Ji
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Article
| Open AccessVO2 memristor-based frequency converter with in-situ synthesize and mix for wireless internet-of-things
Frequency converters for wireless internet of things applications typically require separate circuits for different functions, causing energy and performance inefficiencies. Using an epitaxially grown VO2 memristor array, Liu et al. present a frequency converter with in-situ frequency synthesis and mix functionality.
- Chang Liu
- , Pek Jun Tiw
- & Yuchao Yang
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Article
| Open AccessStenus-inspired, swift, and agile untethered insect-scale soft propulsors
Inspired by the swift swingable abdomen, conducting canals, and body setae of Stenus comma, the authors present a swift, agile untethered insect-scale soft propulsor, offering new insights into systematically bio-inspired artificial soft robots.
- Xingxing Ke
- , Haochen Yong
- & Zhigang Wu
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Article
| Open AccessVascular network-inspired fluidic system (VasFluidics) with spatially functionalizable membranous walls
Functional features in the spatiotemporal regulation of blood chemistry are not much explored. Here authors show vascular network-inspired fluidics, functionalizable for different region-specific trans-wall transport to regulate fluids over space and time.
- Yafeng Yu
- , Yi Pan
- & Ho Cheung Shum
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Article
| Open AccessPhase-engineered synthesis of atomically thin te single crystals with high on-state currents
Phase engineering of 2D tellurium could enable potential applications for (opto-)electronic devices. Here, the authors report the phase- and thickness-controlled synthesis of α-Te nanosheets and β-Te nanoribbons, showing their application for the realization of short-channel transistors.
- Jun Zhou
- , Guitao Zhang
- & Junpeng Lu
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Article
| Open AccessNeuromorphic electro-stimulation based on atomically thin semiconductor for damage-free inflammation inhibition
Bao et al. report a neuromorphic bionic electro-stimulation solution based on atomic-scale semiconductor floating-gate memory circuit, which enables efficient inhibition of acute inflammation with low stimulation currents that are damage-free to neurons.
- Rong Bao
- , Shuiyuan Wang
- & Shen Liu
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Article
| Open AccessReal-time monitoring polymerization degree of organic photovoltaic materials toward no batch-to-batch variations in device performance
Polymerization degree plays a vital role in controlling material properties and batch-to-batch variations in device performance of polymer solar cells. Here, authors develop in-situ photoluminescence system in tandem to track and estimate the polymerization degree of organic photovoltaic materials.
- Lin-Yong Xu
- , Wei Wang
- & Jie Min
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Article
| Open AccessObservation of giant room-temperature anisotropic magnetoresistance in the topological insulator β-Ag2Te
Achieving room-temperature high anisotropic magnetoresistance ratios is highly desirable for magnetic sensors. Here, the authors observe a high anisotropic magnetoresistance ratio of −39% and a giant planar Hall effect (520 μΩ·cm) at room temperature under 9 T in β-Ag2Te crystals grown by CVD.
- Wei Ai
- , Fuyang Chen
- & Jinxiong Wu
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Article
| Open AccessHeavy-to-light electron transition enabling real-time spectra detection of charged particles by a biocompatible semiconductor
New detector materials are crucial for radiation beam monitoring in dosimeters and X-ray imaging. The authors report a solution-grown biocompatible organic single crystalline semiconductor for real-time spectral detection of charged particles with single-particle sensitivity, X-ray detection and imaging.
- Dou Zhao
- , Ruiling Gao
- & Yadong Xu
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Article
| Open AccessAnti-friction gold-based stretchable electronics enabled by interfacial diffusion-induced cohesion
Stretchable electronics require high interfacial strength between the inert metal and elastomer components for durable interconnection applications. Cao et al. show a chemical modification-free interfacial diffusion-induced cohesion strategy, using hydrophilic polyurethane to induce hydrogen bonding of gold grains.
- Jie Cao
- , Xusheng Liu
- & Ming Liu
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Article
| Open AccessManipulating solvent fluidic dynamics for large-area perovskite film-formation and white light-emitting diodes
Achieving large-area uniform film is the primary challenge to commercialise perovskite LEDs. The authors here employ green binary solvents to regulate the fluidic dynamics in perovskite quantum dot inks during blade-coating to achieve efficient 28 cm2-sized red and white perovskite LEDs.
- Guangyi Shi
- , Zongming Huang
- & Zhengguo Xiao
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Article
| Open AccessPrinted smart devices for anti-counterfeiting allowing precise identification with household equipment
The authors introduce a flexible laser printing method for synthesizing integrated optical and electric Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs). The PUF devices can be read out by simple household equipment and show high uniqueness and stability.
- Junfang Zhang
- , Rong Tan
- & Felix F. Loeffler
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Article
| Open AccessUnravelling the amorphous structure and crystallization mechanism of GeTe phase change memory materials
The structure of an ideal glass, crystallisation mechanism, nanoscale effects, and even parallels to organic chemistry can be drawn by conceptualizing the amorphous GeTe structure as a superposition of Te and Ge lattices with atom-specific dynamics.
- Simon Wintersteller
- , Olesya Yarema
- & Maksym Yarema
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Article
| Open AccessWell-defined in-textile photolithography towards permeable textile electronics
It is challenging to achieve simultaneous robustness, permeability and high electrical performance when patterning textile electronics. Here, the authors report an in-textile photolithography method for precise metal patterns while maintaining the 3D porous structure for wearable textile electronics.
- Pengwei Wang
- , Xiaohao Ma
- & Zijian Zheng
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Article
| Open AccessElectrically induced cancellation and inversion of piezoelectricity in ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2
Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 ferroelectric capacitors undergo a continuous transition from a positive effective to a fully inverted negative piezoelectric coefficient d33 upon electrical cycling. With proper ac training, both the net effective and the local piezoresponses can be nullified while the polarization is kept fully switchable.
- Haidong Lu
- , Dong-Jik Kim
- & Catherine Dubourdieu