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Biologically produced surfactants in the sea surface microlayer reduce air–sea exchange of CO2 in the North Atlantic Ocean, according to tank and ocean measurements.
Extensive flooding of the North American continent during the Cambrian occurred more recently and more rapidly than previously thought, according to analyses of detrital zircons sampled from the Grand Canyon region.
The Great Barrier Reef has migrated rapidly in response to sea-level changes since the last glacial period, suggesting resilience to environmental stress over this interval, according to a reconstruction of reef accretion.
The mantle transition zone in the western United States is perturbed along a path that mirrors the line of the Yellowstone hotspot track at the surface, according to analysis of tomographic data.
Crustal stress in the interior of the United States is spatially variable and largely controlled by local forces, rather than those transmitted from tectonic plate boundaries, according to a map of the continental stress field.
An increase in stream temperature leads to a convergence of metabolic balance, overall decline in net ecosystem productivity, and higher CO2 emissions from streams, according to analyses of temperature sensitivity of stream metabolism across six biomes.
Lithosphere at ultraslow-spreading mid-ocean ridges can form via a combination of serpentinized mantle exhumation and magmatism, according to analyses of seismic surveys from the Cayman Trough.
Much of the methane produced by the deep subseafloor biosphere is consumed by anaerobic methane oxidation with sulfate in continental shelf sediments, according to a global map and calculated budgets of methane fluxes and degradation.
Lake evaporation could increase substantially despite modest changes in incoming solar radiation at the surface, as a result of changes in energy partitioning and shorter periods of ice cover, according to numerical simulations.
Deformation of the Indian Ocean floor over the past 8 million years was caused by a change in plate motions linked to flow of the Reunion mantle plume, according to analyses of forces upon plates.
The oxygenation of deeper continental shelf waters during the Mesoproterozoic coincided with the appearance of multicellular eukaryotes, according to geochemical and sedimentological analyses of the Yanliao Basin, China.
Microbe-mediated oxidation may account for at least 5% of the global dissolved organic carbon loss from the deep ocean, according to carbon isotope analyses on cool crustal fluids circulating through the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
The upwelling of carbon- and nutrient-rich waters in the subpolar North Pacific during the Bølling–Allerød supported high productivity and CO2 outgassing, as well as contributing to regional hypoxia, marine sediment analyses suggest.
Farmland management promotes tree cover around villages in the semi-arid Sahel of West Africa, according to analyses of satellite imagery. This implies that a higher population density does not always lead to reduced tree cover.
The oldest stable crust on Earth may have formed during pulsed growth cycles, according to geochemical analyses of rocks preserved in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia.
Deformation migrated from depth towards the surface in the months leading up to the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, according to analyses of satellite gravity data.
Slow slip events may cause fluids to drain from the plate boundary into the overlying plate at subduction zones, according to seismic analyses of events recorded in Kanto, Japan.
Rocky planets dominated by intrusive magmatism can cool more efficiently than those dominated by extrusive volcanism, according to numerical simulations of mantle convection.