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The Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain (MIDB) Precision Brain Atlas is a resource of personalized brain network topographies (n = 9,900). It also provides a probabilistic atlas and integration zones across diverse magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) datasets and ages. The atlas increases the reliability of brain-wide association studies (BWAS) and improves targeting for neuromodulation.
Dopp et al. profiled gene expression in single cells from the whole fly brain, revealing how it changes with sleep/wakefulness states and circadian times. The findings highlight the role of glia in integrating sleep drive and circadian processes.
The ENIGMA-ORIGINs group presents a large and globally diverse pediatric neuroimaging dataset from birth to age 6. They use this resource to study the effects of sociodemographics and adverse birth outcomes on trajectories of brain volumes and cognition.
The neuronal subtypes regulating the emotional component of learning and memory are not fully described. Here the authors provide a molecular atlas of the adult mouse amygdala and show the subsets of cells transcriptionally responsive to fear.
The Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network neuroimaging repository is a free resource consisting of PET and MRI scans from 533 individuals across 206 families who are deeply phenotyped with genetic, clinical, cognitive and biofluid sampling.
Froudist-Walsh et al. reveal organizational principles of receptor densities in macaque cortex. Densities of multiple receptor types align with changes in dendritic properties, myelin and functional networks. Data are openly released to the community.
By inferring the cellular landscape of the neocortex in 638 aged individuals from RNA profiles, the authors uncovered unique cellular communities composed of coordinated populations of multiple cell types, which were altered in Alzheimer’s disease.
By reconstructing the complete dendrites and axons for nearly 2,000 neurons in PFC, Gao et al. comprehensively classified dendrite morphology, revealed the relationship between dendrites and axons and mapped the mesoscopic PFC neural network.
The authors created a comprehensive developmental cell atlas for spatiotemporal gene expression of the human spinal cord, revealed species-specific regulation during development and used the atlas to infer novel markers for pediatric ependymomas.
Andersen, Thom and colleagues reveal the single-cell-resolution transcriptome of the midgestation human spinal cord and discover remarkable heterogeneity across and within cell types.
The authors pooled resources to identify best practices and develop a new standardized protocol for estimating functional connectivity in rats with magnetic resonance imaging.
Knowing one’s own behavioral state is important to contextualize sensory cues and identify appropriate future actions. Here the authors show how neurons ascending from the fly motor system convey behavioral state signals to specific brain regions.
The authors developed an optimized rabies tracing system for generating brain-wide monosynaptic input connectomes, and applied it in mouse visual cortex to reveal topographically organized subnetworks co-defined by visual areas, layers and cell classes.
Brain images from the Chinese Human Connectome Project (CHCP) are now publicly available to facilitate transcultural and cross-ethnic brain–mind studies. Comparisons found reproducible brain parcellations but most differences were in language processing.
Humphrey et al. analyzed genetic and gene expression data from the postmortem spinal cords of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), observing changes in cell type composition and highlighting new risk genes.
Chiou et al. provide a multiregion bulk (N = 527 samples) and single-nucleus (N = 24 samples) brain transcriptional dataset encompassing 15 brain regions and both sexes in a unique population of free-ranging, behaviorally phenotyped rhesus macaques.
In this work, the authors transcriptionally and genetically profile 443 caudate nucleus samples, including 154 with schizophrenia, highlighting new genes associated with schizophrenia risk, including the presynaptic DRD2 isoform.
Leng et al. establish CRISPRi screens in astrocytes to dissect pathways controlling inflammatory reactivity. They uncover two distinct inflammatory reactive signatures that are inversely regulated by STAT3 and validate that these exist in human disease.
Hansen et al. compile and share an atlas of neurotransmitter receptor/transporter densities in the human cortex and show that receptor achitecture reflects brain structure, function, dynamics, cognitive specialization and disease vulnerability.
Somatosensory neurons detect pain, temperature and touch. Keeler et al. constructed a single-cell, protein-level atlas of nearly 3 million cells from the mouse dorsal root ganglia, covering 13 days of embryonic and postnatal development.