Virus–host interactions articles within Nature

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    Dissection of the nuclear pore complex provides a model in which the HIV capsid enters the nucleus through karyopherin mimicry, a mechanism likely to be conserved across other viruses.

    • C. F. Dickson
    • , S. Hertel
    •  & D. A. Jacques

  • Article |

    We demonstrate that the transmembrane protease TMPRSS2 is a receptor for coronavirus HKU1; it triggers HKU1-mediated cell–cell fusion and viral entry by binding to both HKU1A and HKU1B spikes.

    • Nell Saunders
    • , Ignacio Fernandez
    •  & Olivier Schwartz

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Binding of a sialoglycan-based primary receptor by the spike protein of the common cold human coronavirus HKU1 triggers conformational changes to a state that would allow binding to a second receptor required for cell entry.

    • Matti F. Pronker
    • , Robert Creutznacher
    •  & Daniel L. Hurdiss

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors report the cryo-EM structure of human A3G bound to HIV-1 Vif, and the hijacked cellular proteins that promote ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, suggesting how Vif antagonizes A3G by intercepting it to prevent viral restriction.

    • Yen-Li Li
    • , Caroline A. Langley
    •  & John D. Gross

  • Article |

    Changes in climate and land use will lead to species aggregating in new combinations at high elevations, in biodiversity hotspots and in areas of high human population density in Asia and Africa, driving the cross-species transmission of animal-associated viruses.

    • Colin J. Carlson
    • , Gregory F. Albery
    •  & Shweta Bansal

  • Article |

    Studies using viral coat glycoproteins show that alphaviruses can enter cells via the very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) and apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2), members of an evolutionarily conserved family of lipoprotein receptors.

    • Lars E. Clark
    • , Sarah A. Clark
    •  & Jonathan Abraham

  • Article |

    Virus-induced senescence is a central pathogenic feature in COVID-19, and senolytics, which promote apoptosis of senescent cells, can reduce disease severity in hamsters,mice, as well as humans infected with SARS-CoV-2.

    • Soyoung Lee
    • , Yong Yu
    •  & Clemens A. Schmitt

  • Article |

    Two cGAS-like receptors, cGLR1 and cGLR2, identified in Drosophila melanogaster are shown to induce antiviral immunity in response to RNA or DNA virus infections through the production of 2′3′-cGAMP and 3′2′-cGAMP.

    • Andreas Holleufer
    • , Kasper Grønbjerg Winther
    •  & Rune Hartmann

  • Article |

    RNA sequencing, ribosome profiling and metabolic labelling of newly synthesized RNA reveal the strategy used by SARS-CoV-2 to shut off cellular protein synthesis in the host and allow the translation of viral transcripts.

    • Yaara Finkel
    • , Avi Gluck
    •  & Noam Stern-Ginossar

  • Letter |

    New World hantaviruses—which cause a severe human respiratory disease—use surface glycoproteins to bind to the human protocadherin-1 protein and enter endothelial cells in vitro; depleting protocadherin-1 in Syrian golden hamsters largely protects against disease.

    • Rohit K. Jangra
    • , Andrew S. Herbert
    •  & Kartik Chandran

  • Letter |

    Integrative analyses identify host proteins that are modulated by Zika virus at multiple levels and provide a comprehensive framework for the understanding of Zika virus-induced changes to cellular pathways.

    • Pietro Scaturro
    • , Alexey Stukalov
    •  & Andreas Pichlmair

  • Letter |

    Infection of male mice with Zika virus caused testicular and epididymal damage, reduction in sex hormone levels, destruction of germ and somatic cells in the testis, loss of mature sperm and reduction in fertility.

    • Jennifer Govero
    • , Prabagaran Esakky
    •  & Michael S. Diamond

  • Letter |

    A CRISPR screening approach shows that endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein complexes, including the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) protein complex, are important for infection by dengue virus and other related mosquito-borne flaviviruses, whereas hepatitis C virus is dependent on distinct entry factors, RNA binding proteins and FAD biosynthesis.

    • Caleb D. Marceau
    • , Andreas S. Puschnik
    •  & Jan E. Carette

  • Letter |

    The host protein ANP32A is shown here to be a species barrier to the function of avian influenza virus polymerase in mammalian cells; the mutation E627K in viral protein PB2, which allows mammalian ANP32 family proteins to support the avian virus polymerase, is known to be associated with increased virulence of avian viruses in mammals.

    • Jason S. Long
    • , Efstathios S. Giotis
    •  & Wendy S. Barclay

  • Article |

    The transmembrane proteins SERINC3 and SERINC5 are identified as new restriction factors for HIV-1 replication; this restriction is counteracted by Nef and glycoGag, which prevent SERINC3 and SERINC5 from becoming incorporated into HIV-1 virions and from profoundly blocking HIV-1 infectivity, suggesting a potential new therapeutic strategy for immunodeficiency viruses.

    • Yoshiko Usami
    • , Yuanfei Wu
    •  & Heinrich G. Göttlinger

  • Article |

    The transmembrane protein SERINC5 is identified as a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 particle infectivity that is counteracted by Nef; Nef redirects SERINC5 from the plasma membrane to a Rab7-positive endosomal compartment, thus excluding it from HIV-1 particles, emphasizing the potential of SERINC5 as a potent anti-retroviral factor.

    • Annachiara Rosa
    • , Ajit Chande
    •  & Massimo Pizzato

  • Letter |

    Commensal bacteria are known to have an important role in keeping the host healthy, but the role of eukaryotic viruses has been unknown; now, persistent infection in mice with various strains of enteric norovirus is shown to provide similar host protection.

    • Elisabeth Kernbauer
    • , Yi Ding
    •  & Ken Cadwell

  • Letter |

    Here it is proposed that RNA viruses can adapt to use the antiviral properties of microRNAs to limit viral replication and suppress innate immunity in particular cell types, and this restriction can lead to exacerbation of disease severity.

    • Derek W. Trobaugh
    • , Christina L. Gardner
    •  & William B. Klimstra

  • Letter |

    Here, a protein known as MX2 is shown to be a major effector of interferon-α-mediated resistance to HIV-1 infection: susceptibility of the HIV-1 virus to inhibition by MX2 is dictated by the Capsid region of the viral Gag protein, and inhibition occurs at a late post-entry step of infection.

    • Caroline Goujon
    • , Olivier Moncorgé
    •  & Michael H. Malim

  • Letter |

    Hepatitis A virus particles released from cells can hijack and become wrapped in host-derived membranes by using proteins that facilitate the budding of many enveloped viruses, calling into question the traditional distinction between enveloped and non-enveloped viruses.

    • Zongdi Feng
    • , Lucinda Hensley
    •  & Stanley M. Lemon

  • News & Views |

    Antiretroviral therapies block HIV replication but they do not eliminate inactive viruses within cells. A clinical trial shows that a drug can revive HIV in patients as a potential first step towards a cure. See Letter p.482

    • Steven G. Deeks

  • Letter |

    Interferon-inducible transmembrane (IFITM) protein 3 is shown to be an innate defence mechanism against viral infection in vivo; furthermore, a subset of the patients hospitalized during the H1N1 2009 pandemic carried a variant form of the IFITM3 gene.

    • Aaron R. Everitt
    • , Simon Clare
    •  & Paul Kellam

  • Letter |

    Affinity tagging, mass spectroscopy and a tailor-made scoring system are used to identify 497 high-confidence interactions between human proteins and human immunodeficiency virus proteins.

    • Stefanie Jäger
    • , Peter Cimermancic
    •  & Nevan J. Krogan

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