Quantum metrology articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors demonstrated an unprecedented level of polarization squeezing of light generated by an atomic ensemble, and a new regime of continuous quantum measurements on a macroscopic material oscillator.

    • Christian Bærentsen
    • , Sergey A. Fedorov
    •  & Eugene S. Polzik

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Nearly a century after dark matter was proposed, yet its nature remains elusive. Here, authors present their dark photon dark matter search results using two atomic magnetometer arrays 1700 km apart in large magnetic shields and offer the strongest terrestrial constraint in this mass range to date.

    • Min Jiang
    • , Taizhou Hong
    •  & Jiangfeng Du

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The ability to characterize large and complex nuclear-spin networks could enable quantum applications, such as quantum simulations of many-body physics. Here the authors develop a high-resolution quantum-sensing method and use it to image a network of 50 nuclear spins surrounding a single NV center in diamond.

    • G. L. van de Stolpe
    • , D. P. Kwiatkowski
    •  & T. H. Taminiau

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Enhanced sensitivity is a key parameter in quantum metrology. Here the authors demonstrate a distributed quantum phase sensing method that uses fewer photons than the number of parameters needed, and an enhanced quantum sensitivity is achieved.

    • Dong-Hyun Kim
    • , Seongjin Hong
    •  & Hyang-Tag Lim

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Isotope engineering can enhance spin coherence of solid-state defects, such as NV centers in diamond but progress for defects in hBN has been limited. Gong et al. report the optimization of isotopes in hBN and demonstrate improved coherence and relaxation times for the negatively charged boron vacancy centers.

    • Ruotian Gong
    • , Xinyi Du
    •  & Chong Zu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Bringing atom-interferometric quantum sensors out of the lab requires the mitigation of several sources of noise. Here, the authors experimentally demonstrate a software-based mitigation method based on tailored error-robust Bragg light-pulse beamsplitters and mirrors.

    • Jack C. Saywell
    • , Max S. Carey
    •  & Michael J. Biercuk

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Feedback oscillators are a fundamental tool in science and engineering. Here, Loughlin and Sudhir provide a generalized Schawlow-Townes-like formula for quantum-limited feedback oscillators, thus giving a general model to study the fundamental output noise of these devices and techniques to reduce their noise further.

    • Hudson A. Loughlin
    •  & Vivishek Sudhir

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Nanodiamonds containing NV centers are promising electron paramagnetic resonance sensors, however applications are hindered by their random orientation. Qin et al. propose a new protocol that makes the technique insensitive to the sensor’s orientation and present a proof-of-principle in situ demonstration.

    • Zhuoyang Qin
    • , Zhecheng Wang
    •  & Jiangfeng Du

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Multiparameter sensors in quantum optics are often complex due to use of external fields. Here the authors demonstrate a simple single-shot all-optical vector atomic magnetometer based on machine learning for the correspondence of the measured signals and the magnetic field.

    • Xin Meng
    • , Youwei Zhang
    •  & Yanhong Xiao

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Axions are hypothetical particles that constitute leading candidates for the identity of dark matter. Here, the authors improve previous exclusion bounds on axion-like particles in the range of 1.4–200 peV, and report direct terrestrial limits on the coupling of protons and neutrons with axion-like dark matter.

    • Itay M. Bloch
    • , Roy Shaham
    •  & Or Katz

  • Article
    | Open Access

    By carefully inducing twists or lattice stacking offsets between two adjacent van der Waals crystals, a superlattice potential can be introduced. This Moire lattice offers an incredibly rich physics, ranging from superconductivity to exotic magnetism, depending on van der Waals materials in question. Here, Du et al. study the magnetic domains in twisted CrI3, and show that despite this domain structure, spin fluctuations are spatially homogenous.

    • Mengqi Huang
    • , Zeliang Sun
    •  & Chunhui Rita Du

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Testing general relativity with optical clocks is important both as a fundamental test and for metrological applications. Here, a vertical linear array of 5 separate ensembles of strontium atoms trapped in a single optical lattice is used to perform a blinded lab-based test of the gravitational redshift at the mm to cm scale.

    • Xin Zheng
    • , Jonathan Dolde
    •  & Shimon Kolkowitz

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The ability to perform nonlinear feedforward operations - that is, conditional operations controlled by nonlinear function of the measurement outcomes - is still a missing ingredient for measurement-based quantum computation. Here, the authors fill this gap using nonlinear electro-optical feedforward and non-Gaussian ancillary states.

    • Atsushi Sakaguchi
    • , Shunya Konno
    •  & Akira Furusawa

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Single-shot readout of optically active spin qubits is typically limited by low photon collection rates and measurement back-action. Here the authors overcome these limitations by using an open cavity approach for single-shot readout of a semiconductor quantum dot and demonstrate record readout time of a few ns.

    • Nadia O. Antoniadis
    • , Mark R. Hogg
    •  & Richard J. Warburton

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Previous demonstrations of electrically and optically detected magnetic resonance in OLED materials have established these systems as promising candidates for magnetic field sensing. Here the authors present an integrated OLED-based device for magnetic field imaging with sub-micron resolution.

    • Rugang Geng
    • , Adrian Mena
    •  & Dane R. McCamey

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Quantum sensors based on NV centers in diamond are well established, however the sensitivity of detection of high-frequency radio signals has been limited. Here the authors use nanoscale field-focusing to enhance sensitivity and demonstrate ranging for GHz radio signals in an interferometer set-up.

    • Xiang-Dong Chen
    • , En-Hui Wang
    •  & Fang-Wen Sun

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In quantum multiparameter estimation, achieving the best precision for each parameter is hindered by the Heisenberg principle. Here, the authors demonstrate how to mitigate this problem by using appropriate probe states.

    • Binke Xia
    • , Jingzheng Huang
    •  & Guihua Zeng

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Electron spins in diamond allow magnetometry with high sensitivity, but the bandwidth in the microwave regime is limited to a narrow band around their resonance frequency. Here, the authors solve this problem by coupling the spins to a thin film of yttrium iron garnet, exploiting the non-linear spin-wave dynamics of the magnet.

    • Joris J. Carmiggelt
    • , Iacopo Bertelli
    •  & Toeno van der Sar

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Exotic spin-dependent force are among the possible extensions of the Standard Model that can be probed by precision measurements. Here, the authors use a spin-exchange-relaxation free (SERF) K-Rb-21Ne comagnetometer to improve limits on spin- and velocity dependent forces.

    • Kai Wei
    • , Wei Ji
    •  & Dmitry Budker

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Breaking of Lorentz symmetry is related to the unification of fundamental forces and the extension of the standard model. Here the authors provide updated bounds on the Lorentz violation, by using measurements with trapped Yb+ ion, that represent an improvement over existing results.

    • Laura S. Dreissen
    • , Chih-Han Yeh
    •  & Tanja E. Mehlstäubler

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The effects of detection noise on quantum metrology performances have not been rigorously investigated yet. Here, the authors fill this gap by generalising the quantum Fisher information to the case of noisy readout, and showing the consequences the imperfect measurements bring.

    • Yink Loong Len
    • , Tuvia Gefen
    •  & Jan Kołodyński

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Understanding the coherent dynamics of electron and nucleus spins in hBN is crucial for their applications as qubits and quantum sensors. Here the authors report room-temperature coherent manipulation of the negatively charged boron vacancy spins in hBN and study their dynamics under weak and strong magnetic fields.

    • Wei Liu
    • , Viktor Ivády
    •  & Guang-Can Guo

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Sensitivity to noise is currently an obstacle to the use of quantum imaging techniques in real-world scenarios. Here, exploiting non-local cancellation of dispersion on time-frequency entangled photons, the authors show a 43dB improvement in resilience to noise for imaging protocols towards a quantum LiDAR.

    • Phillip S. Blakey
    • , Han Liu
    •  & Amr S. Helmy

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Quantum sensors based on NV centers in diamond find applications in high spatial resolution NMR spectroscopy, but their operation is typically limited to low fields. Sahin et al. demonstrate a high-field sensor based on nuclear spins in diamond, where NV centers play a supporting role in optical initialization.

    • Ozgur Sahin
    • , Erica de Leon Sanchez
    •  & Ashok Ajoy

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Estimating the angular separation between two incoherent sources below the diffraction limit is challenging. Hypothesis testing and quantum state discrimination techniques are used to super-resolve sources of different brightness with a simple optical interferometer.

    • Ugo Zanforlin
    • , Cosmo Lupo
    •  & Zixin Huang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Signals that look the same from their low-order correlations can often be distinguished by looking at higher-order ones. Here, the authors exploit the sensitivity of quantum nonlinear spectroscopy to fourth-order correlations to identify Gaussian noises, random-phased AC fields, and quantum spins.

    • Jonas Meinel
    • , Vadim Vorobyov
    •  & J. Wrachtrup

  • Article
    | Open Access

    High sensitivity in quantum sensing comes often at the expense of other figures of merit, usually resulting in distortion. Here, the authors propose a protocol with good sensitivity, readout linearity and high frequency resolution, and benchmark it through signal measurements at audio bands with NV centers.

    • Chen Zhang
    • , Durga Dasari
    •  & Jörg Wrachtrup

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Scanning NV center magnetometry enables imaging of weak magnetic fields at the nanoscale. Huxter et al. achieve an order-of-magnitude improvement in sensitivity by converting a spatial field gradient into an AC field by mechanical oscillations of the sensor, and image stray fields from atomic steps in an antiferromagnet.

    • W. S. Huxter
    • , M. L. Palm
    •  & C. L. Degen

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Exotic quantum states can be advantageous for sensing, but are very fragile, so that some form of quantum error correction is needed. Here, the authors show how approximate QEC helps overcoming decoherence due to noise when measuring the excitation population of a receiver mode in a superconducting circuit.

    • W. Wang
    • , Z.-J. Chen
    •  & L. Sun

  • Article
    | Open Access

    ’Systems with long coherence times are extremely important for the processing of quantum information. To this end the authors present a system able to cool down a resonator to its quantum mechanical ground state harnessing the large coupling between an ultra-coherent mechanical resonator and a superconducting circuit.’

    • Yannick Seis
    • , Thibault Capelle
    •  & Albert Schliesser

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging at the atomic scale has been limited to detection and localisation of single nuclear spins. Here, the authors extend imaging to large nuclear spin clusters in 3D by combining weak quantum measurements, phase encoding and simulated annealing.

    • K. S. Cujia
    • , K. Herb
    •  & C. L. Degen

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Spectral super-resolution methods generally apply only to laser spectroscopy. Here, thanks to a Gradient Echo Memory with time-frequency processing capabilities, the authors are able to resolve frequency differences with precision below the Fourier limit for narrowband and ultra-low input-light level.

    • Mateusz Mazelanik
    • , Adam Leszczyński
    •  & Michał Parniak

  • Article
    | Open Access

    When trying to characterise a bath coupled to a sensor qubit, one should consider that quantum environments change their properties in response to external perturbations. Here, the authors show how back-action of the qubit on the bath leads to a quench, which can be used to infer the bath spectral function.

    • Yu-Xin Wang
    •  & Aashish A. Clerk

  • Article
    | Open Access

    N00N states are a key resource in quantum metrology, but the use of their multi-mode extension for multiparameter estimation has been elusive so far. Here, the authors use multi-mode N00N states - with N=2 photons in 4 modes - for multiple-phase estimation saturating the quantum Cramer-Rao bound.

    • Seongjin Hong
    • , Junaid ur Rehman
    •  & Hyang-Tag Lim

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Single atom magnets on surfaces offer potentially long lived and stable spin states, particular lanthanides, which can be adsorbed onto Magnesium Oxide. Here, the authors report on Dysprosium adsorbed onto Magnesium Oxide, which exhibits large magnetic anisotropy energy, and a spin life time of several days at low temperatures

    • A. Singha
    • , P. Willke
    •  & T. Choi

  • Article
    | Open Access

    High-resolution microwave detection with NV centers in diamond is currently applicable to signals with frequencies below 10 MHz, thus limiting their range of applications. Here, the authors demonstrate detection of GHz signals with sub-Hz spectral resolution, not limited by the quantum sensor lifetime.

    • Jonas Meinel
    • , Vadim Vorobyov
    •  & Jörg Wrachtrup

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Atom interferometers can be useful for precision measurement of fundamental constants and sensors of different type. Here the authors demonstrate a compact twin-lattice atom interferometry exploiting Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of 87 Rb atoms.

    • Martina Gebbe
    • , Jan-Niclas Siemß
    •  & Ernst M. Rasel

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Previous work has demonstrated electric-field detection with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond; however, nanoscale electric-field imaging has not been shown. Here, the authors use individual nitrogen-vacancy centers to map out electric field contours from a tip of an atomic force microscope with 10 nm resolution.

    • Ke Bian
    • , Wentian Zheng
    •  & Ying Jiang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Steering reflects the ability to predict measurement results on one side of a quantum-correlated system based on measurements on the other side, which can be phrased as a metrology problem. Here, the authors explore this connection, deriving a general steering criterion based on quantum Fisher information.

    • Benjamin Yadin
    • , Matteo Fadel
    •  & Manuel Gessner

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Establishing whether two quantum channels are compatible is a fundamental problem in quantum information. Here, the authors prove its equivalence to the quantum state marginal problem, introduce an efficient way to solve both, and draw further connection to the measurement compatibility problem.

    • Mark Girard
    • , Martin Plávala
    •  & Jamie Sikora

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Conducting atom-optical experiments in space is interesting for fundamental physics and challenging due to different environment compared to ground. Here the authors report matter-wave interferometry in space using atomic BECs in a sounding rocket.

    • Maike D. Lachmann
    • , Holger Ahlers
    •  & Ernst M. Rasel

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Engineering qubits with long coherence times requires the ability to distinguish multiple noise sources, which is not possible with typical two-level qubit sensors. Here the authors utilize the multiple level transitions of a superconducting qubit to characterize two common types of external noise.

    • Youngkyu Sung
    • , Antti Vepsäläinen
    •  & William D. Oliver

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Fidelity control is important to quantum metrology and fault-tolerant quantum computation. Here, authors realize clock-controlled transfer of electrons through quantum dots and describe the statistics of accumulated charge by a random-walk model, achieving a benchmark for single-electron circuits.

    • David Reifert
    • , Martins Kokainis
    •  & Niels Ubbelohde

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Encasing a single atom within a fullerene (C60) cage can create a robustly packaged single atomic spin system. Here, the authors perform electron paramagnetic resonance on a single encased spin using a diamond NV-center, demonstrating the first steps in controlling single spins in fullerene cages.

    • Dinesh Pinto
    • , Domenico Paone
    •  & Klaus Kern

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Optical atomic clocks are useful tools for frequency metrology. Here the authors explore the stability of the atomic clocks and the role of the spin squeezed states for the noise reduction in these clocks.

    • Marius Schulte
    • , Christian Lisdat
    •  & Klemens Hammerer

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