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Article
| Open AccessA renewably sourced, circular photopolymer resin for additive manufacturing
A photopolymer platform derived from renewable lipoates can be 3D-printed into high-resolution parts, which possess properties comparable to some commercial acrylic resins, and then recycled to produce a re-printable resin.
- Thiago O. Machado
- , Connor J. Stubbs
- & Andrew P. Dove
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Article |
High-speed and large-scale intrinsically stretchable integrated circuits
High-density, intrinsically stretchable transistors with high driving ability and integrated circuits with high operation speed and large-scale integration were enabled by a combination of innovations in materials, fabrication process design, device engineering and circuit design.
- Donglai Zhong
- , Can Wu
- & Zhenan Bao
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Article
| Open AccessRoll-to-roll, high-resolution 3D printing of shape-specific particles
We introduce a scalable, high-resolution, 3D printing technique for the fabrication of shape-specific particles based on roll-to-roll continuous liquid interface production, enabling direct integration within biomedical, analytical and advanced materials applications.
- Jason M. Kronenfeld
- , Lukas Rother
- & Joseph M. DeSimone
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Multiscale stress deconcentration amplifies fatigue resistance of rubber
A rubber in which highly entangled long polymers strongly adhere with rigid particles deconcentrates stress across multiple scales, amplifying the fatigue threshold.
- Jason Steck
- , Junsoo Kim
- & Zhigang Suo
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Article |
Dynamic diagnosis of metamaterials through laser-induced vibrational signatures
A high-throughput, non-contact framework is described that uses the laser-induced vibrational signatures of metamaterials to non-destructively quantify their omnidirectional elastic information, dynamic linear properties, damping properties and defects.
- Yun Kai
- , Somayajulu Dhulipala
- & Carlos M. Portela
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Article
| Open AccessVision-controlled jetting for composite systems and robots
We have developed an automated and high-throughput, three-dimensional, vision-controlled inkjet deposition process that enables the high-resolution, contactless printing of a range of materials with varying elastic moduli to create complex structures and robots.
- Thomas J. K. Buchner
- , Simon Rogler
- & Robert K. Katzschmann
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Article |
Shape memory polymer with programmable recovery onset
A four-dimensional printable shape memory hydrogel with shape-shifting onset adjustable by changing the programming conditions is reported.
- Chujun Ni
- , Di Chen
- & Tao Xie
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Article |
Dynamic crosslinking compatibilizes immiscible mixed plastics
A new compatibilization strategy installs dynamic crosslinkers into several classes of binary, ternary and postconsumer immiscible polymer mixtures in situ, with the resulting compatibilized dynamic thermosets exhibiting intrinsic reprocessability and enhanced tensile strength and creep resistance.
- Ryan W. Clarke
- , Tobias Sandmeier
- & Eugene Y.-X. Chen
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Article |
Depolymerization of plastics by means of electrified spatiotemporal heating
A depolymerization method is described that uses electrified spatiotemporal heating to selectively generate monomers from the commodity plastics polypropylene and poly(ethylene terephthalate), allowing control over the pyrolysis of plastic waste and reducing the formation of side products.
- Qi Dong
- , Aditya Dilip Lele
- & Liangbing Hu
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Article
| Open AccessPopulation-based heteropolymer design to mimic protein mixtures
Information from natural protein libraries was extracted and used to design heteropolymer ensembles as mixtures of disordered, partially folded and folded proteins, providing valuable guiding principles to synthetically realize protein properties.
- Zhiyuan Ruan
- , Shuni Li
- & Ting Xu
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Article |
Ladderphane copolymers for high-temperature capacitive energy storage
A class of dielectric copolymers called ladderphanes is shown to outperform existing dielectric polymers and composites, with high discharged energy density and charge–discharge efficiency even at temperatures up to 200 °C.
- Jie Chen
- , Yao Zhou
- & Qing Wang
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Article |
Self-regulated non-reciprocal motions in single-material microstructures
Micropillars made of liquid crystal elastomers and exposed to light exhibit diverse stroke-like motions, leading to complex dynamic pattern evolution and collective communication in arrays.
- Shucong Li
- , Michael M. Lerch
- & Joanna Aizenberg
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Article |
Machine learning-aided engineering of hydrolases for PET depolymerization
Untreated, postconsumer-PET from 51 different thermoformed products can all be almost completely degraded by FAST-PETase in 1 week and PET can be resynthesized from the recovered monomers, demonstrating recycling at the industrial scale.
- Hongyuan Lu
- , Daniel J. Diaz
- & Hal S. Alper
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Article |
Triplet fusion upconversion nanocapsules for volumetric 3D printing
. Triplet fusion upconversion nanocapsules dispersed in a photopolymerizable resin allow for volumetric 3D printing at low-power continuous-wave excitation without support structures.
- Samuel N. Sanders
- , Tracy H. Schloemer
- & Daniel N. Congreve
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Article |
Elastomeric electrolytes for high-energy solid-state lithium batteries
An elastomeric solid-state electrolyte shows desirable mechanical properties and high electrochemical stability, and is used to demonstrate a high-energy solid-state lithium battery at ambient temperature.
- Michael J. Lee
- , Junghun Han
- & Seung Woo Lee
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Article |
High-entropy polymer produces a giant electrocaloric effect at low fields
A study reports and characterizes a high-entropy electrocaloric polymer that switches under low fields, and discusses its potential suitability for use in caloric heat pumps.
- Xiaoshi Qian
- , Donglin Han
- & Q. M. Zhang
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Article |
Bubble casting soft robotics
An all-in-one methodology for fabricating soft robotics reported here uses interfacial flows in elastomers that cure to produce actuators that can be tailored to suit applications from artificial muscles to grippers.
- Trevor J. Jones
- , Etienne Jambon-Puillet
- & P.-T. Brun
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Article |
Mobility gradients yield rubbery surfaces on top of polymer glasses
Surface enhancements in glass mobility are complicated in polymers by the interplay of the surface mobile layer thickness with a second length scale (the size of the polymer chains), giving rise to a transient rubbery surface even in polymers with short chains.
- Zhiwei Hao
- , Asieh Ghanekarade
- & Biao Zuo
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Article |
Near-complete depolymerization of polyesters with nano-dispersed enzymes
Nanoscopic dispersion of enzymes with deep active sites enables chain-end-mediated processive biodegradation of semi-crystalline polyesters with programmable latency and material integrity.
- Christopher DelRe
- , Yufeng Jiang
- & Ting Xu
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Article |
Liquid-induced topological transformations of cellular microstructures
A two-tiered dynamic design strategy achieves topological transformations of two-dimensional polymeric cellular microstructures in a reversible and temporally controllable manner through exposure to different liquids.
- Shucong Li
- , Bolei Deng
- & Joanna Aizenberg
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Article |
Self-powered soft robot in the Mariana Trench
A free-swimming soft robot inspired by deep-sea creatures, with artificial muscle, power and control electronics spread across a polymer matrix, successfully adapts to high pressure and operates in the deep ocean.
- Guorui Li
- , Xiangping Chen
- & Wei Yang
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Article |
Strong tough hydrogels via the synergy of freeze-casting and salting out
A strategy that combines freeze-casting and salting-out treatments produces strong, tough, stretchable and fatigue-resistant poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels.
- Mutian Hua
- , Shuwang Wu
- & Ximin He
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Article |
Closed-loop recycling of polyethylene-like materials
Polycarbonates and polyesters with materials properties like those of high-density polyethylene can be recycled chemically by depolymerization to their constituent monomers, re-polymerization yielding material with uncompromised processing and materials properties.
- Manuel Häußler
- , Marcel Eck
- & Stefan Mecking
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Article |
A reprogrammable mechanical metamaterial with stable memory
A reprogrammable mechanical metamaterial constructed of bistable unit cells that can be switched independently and reversibly between two stable states with distinct mechanical properties using magnetic actuation is demonstrated.
- Tian Chen
- , Mark Pauly
- & Pedro M. Reis
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Article |
Cleavable comonomers enable degradable, recyclable thermoset plastics
A method of endowing thermoset plastics with a degree of recyclability and reprocessability by incorporating cleavable chemical linkages in the strands of the polymer, rather than in the crosslinks, is presented.
- Peyton Shieh
- , Wenxu Zhang
- & Jeremiah A. Johnson
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Article |
Single-chain heteropolymers transport protons selectively and rapidly
A random heteropolymer based on four monomers can facilitate proton transport across lipid bilayers almost as rapidly as natural ion channels and with high selectivity over other ions.
- Tao Jiang
- , Aaron Hall
- & Ting Xu
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Article |
Molecular heterogeneity drives reconfigurable nematic liquid crystal drops
Study of droplets containing nematic liquid crystal oligomers shows that a heterogeneous distribution of chain lengths plays a key part in driving reversible shape transformations with cooling and heating.
- Wei-Shao Wei
- , Yu Xia
- & A. G. Yodh
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Article |
Voxelated soft matter via multimaterial multinozzle 3D printing
Voxelated soft matter is designed and fabricated using multimaterial multinozzle three-dimensional printing, which switches between different viscoelastic inks along the same print filament to print multiple materials simultaneously.
- Mark A. Skylar-Scott
- , Jochen Mueller
- & Jennifer A. Lewis
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Article |
Controlled flight of a microrobot powered by soft artificial muscles
Heavier-than-air insect-scale aerial robots powered by soft artificial muscles can hover and also recover from in-flight collisions, illustrating the potential for developing next-generation agile soft robots.
- Yufeng Chen
- , Huichan Zhao
- & Robert J. Wood
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Article |
Seeing mesoatomic distortions in soft-matter crystals of a double-gyroid block copolymer
Slice-and-view scanning electron microscopy tomography is used to characterize a double-gyroid block copolymer, finding mesoatomic distortions that break the symmetry of these soft-matter crystals across multiple scales.
- Xueyan Feng
- , Christopher J. Burke
- & Edwin L. Thomas
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Letter |
Efficient molecular doping of polymeric semiconductors driven by anion exchange
The limitations of conventional chemical doping of polymeric semiconductors can be overcome by adding a second ionic species into the system, leading to enhanced doping, electrical conductivity and stability.
- Yu Yamashita
- , Junto Tsurumi
- & Shun Watanabe
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Letter |
Ferroelectric polymers exhibiting behaviour reminiscent of a morphotropic phase boundary
An organic copolymer with compositionally tailored tacticity exhibits behaviour reminiscent of a morphotropic phase boundary, with an intramolecular order-to-disorder transition in the crystalline phase and a very large piezoelectric coefficient.
- Yang Liu
- , Haibibu Aziguli
- & Qing Wang
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Letter |
Self-powered ultra-flexible electronics via nano-grating-patterned organic photovoltaics
Detection of biometric signals by self-powered electronic devices that are highly flexible and can be applied to skin.
- Sungjun Park
- , Soo Won Heo
- & Takao Someya
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Letter |
Photoswitching topology in polymer networks with metal–organic cages as crosslinks
Using topology-switching metal–ligand cages to crosslink polymer networks produces gels whose chemical and mechanical properties can be radically and reversibly switched on irradiation.
- Yuwei Gu
- , Eric A. Alt
- & Jeremiah A. Johnson
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Letter |
Printing ferromagnetic domains for untethered fast-transforming soft materials
Programmed ferromagnetic domains are 3D-printed into soft materials capable of fast transformations between complex three-dimensional shapes via magnetic actuation.
- Yoonho Kim
- , Hyunwoo Yuk
- & Xuanhe Zhao
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Letter |
Rapid energy-efficient manufacturing of polymers and composites via frontal polymerization
Frontal polymerization of dicyclopentadiene is used to generate thermoset polymers and composite materials with much lower energy requirements and cure times than are needed in conventional oven or autoclave curing approaches.
- Ian D. Robertson
- , Mostafa Yourdkhani
- & Scott R. White
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Letter |
Hyperexpandable, self-healing macromolecular crystals with integrated polymer networks
The integration of macromolecular ferritin protein crystals with hydrogel polymers gives a composite material that expands isotropically and reversibly to twice its size while maintaining periodicity, resists fragmentation and self-heals efficiently.
- Ling Zhang
- , Jake B. Bailey
- & F. Akif Tezcan
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Letter |
Skin electronics from scalable fabrication of an intrinsically stretchable transistor array
A scalable process is described for fabricating skin-like electronic circuitry that can be bent and stretched while retaining desirable electronic functionality.
- Sihong Wang
- , Jie Xu
- & Zhenan Bao
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Letter |
Mimicking biological stress–strain behaviour with synthetic elastomers
A polymer code based on a triplet of parameters—network strand length, side-chain length and grafting density—enables materials to be designed with specific combinations of mechanical properties to mimic biological materials.
- Mohammad Vatankhah-Varnosfaderani
- , William F. M. Daniel
- & Sergei S. Sheiko
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Letter |
Making waves in a photoactive polymer film
Illumination of thin liquid-crystal polymer films that contain azobenzene derivatives with short thermal relaxation times induces a continuous wave motion throughout the films, owing to a feedback loop driven by material self-shadowing.
- Anne Helene Gelebart
- , Dirk Jan Mulder
- & Dirk J. Broer
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Letter |
A wet-tolerant adhesive patch inspired by protuberances in suction cups of octopi
The suction cups found in octopus tentacles are the inspiration for a synthetic adhesive that functions well in dry and wet conditions and is resistant to chemical contamination.
- Sangyul Baik
- , Da Wan Kim
- & Changhyun Pang
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Letter |
An integrated design and fabrication strategy for entirely soft, autonomous robots
An untethered, entirely soft robot is designed to operate autonomously by combining microfluidic logic and hydrogen peroxide as an on-board fuel supply.
- Michael Wehner
- , Ryan L. Truby
- & Robert J. Wood
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Letter |
Nanocrack-regulated self-humidifying membranes
Nanometre-scale cracks in a hydrophobic surface coating applied to hydrocarbon proton-exchange fuel-cell membranes work as tiny valves, delaying water desorption and maintaining ion conductivity in the membrane on dehumidification.
- Chi Hoon Park
- , So Young Lee
- & Young Moo Lee
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Letter |
Rapid removal of organic micropollutants from water by a porous β-cyclodextrin polymer
An alternative material to activated carbon for water remediation is reported: a porous material based on crosslinked cyclodextrins that is better than activated carbons at adsorbing a range of pharmaceuticals, pesticides and other anthropogenic pollutants.
- Alaaeddin Alsbaiee
- , Brian J. Smith
- & William R. Dichtel
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Research Highlights |
Counting loops in gels
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Research Highlights |
Sticking the unstickable
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Research Highlights |
Polymers track the Sun
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News |
Bubbles bind beetles underwater
Air pockets in bristled feet allow wet-weather walking.
- Daniel Cressey
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Q&A |
Turning point: Rachel O'Reilly
Polymer chemist describes her path to independence.
- Katharine Sanderson