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Auxin-Binding Protein 1 is a negative regulator of the SCFTIR1/AFB pathway
The plant hormone auxin controls growth and development, and is recognized by auxin-binding protein 1 (ABP1) and other receptors. In this study, Tromas et al.investigate the role of ABP1 and show that the protein functions upstream of other auxin receptors and controls auxin repressors via the SCF ubiquitin ligase pathway.
- Alexandre Tromas
- , Sébastien Paque
- & Catherine Perrot-Rechenmann
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Root-derived CLE glycopeptides control nodulation by direct binding to HAR1 receptor kinase
Symbiotic bacteria form nodules with plant roots and this is controlled by CLE-RS genes found in the plant. In this study, the CLE-RS2gene product is shown to be a glycopeptide that can travel from the roots to the shoot of plants and binds to the receptor kinase HAR1.
- Satoru Okamoto
- , Hidefumi Shinohara
- & Masayoshi Kawaguchi
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| Open AccessPhosphorylation of BLUS1 kinase by phototropins is a primary step in stomatal opening
Blue light stimulates stomatal opening in Arabidopsis by activating phototropins. By screening for mutants that lack this response, the authors isolate the protein kinase blus1, and show that its phosphorylation by phototropin-1 promotes guard cell signalling and stomatal opening.
- Atsushi Takemiya
- , Naoyuki Sugiyama
- & Ken-ichiro Shimazaki
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A protein phosphatase 2A complex spatially controls plant cell division
Spatial positioning of the division plane in plant cells is determined premitotically by the preprophase band of microtubules. Spinner et al. show that its formation in Arabidopsisrequires a PP2A complex containing FASS and TON1 which is recruited to cortical microtubules by the TRM protein family.
- Lara Spinner
- , Astrid Gadeyne
- & Martine Pastuglia
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Arabidopsis NIN-like transcription factors have a central role in nitrate signalling
Nitrate is a signalling molecule that modulates the expression of a wide range of genes and regulates growth and development in plants. Konoshi and Yanagisawa identify a family of Nin-like transcription factors that bind the nitrate-responsive cis-element and regulate the plant's response to this nutrient.
- Mineko Konishi
- & Shuichi Yanagisawa
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S-nitrosylation of phosphotransfer proteins represses cytokinin signaling
The interaction between nitric oxide and the plant phytohormone cytokinin has a critical role in regulating adaptation growth. Here Feng et al. find that nitric oxide-mediated S-nitrosylation of a phosphotransfer protein inhibits its phosphorylation, thereby repressing cytokinin signalling.
- Jian Feng
- , Chun Wang
- & Jianru Zuo
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EAT1 promotes tapetal cell death by regulating aspartic proteases during male reproductive development in rice
Programmed cell death is essential for the development of plants. Here Niu et al.characterize a rice mutant with deletions in the transcription factor, ETERNAL TAPETUM 1, which is shown to positively regulate programmed cell death by modulating expression of two aspartic proteases.
- Ningning Niu
- , Wanqi Liang
- & Dabing Zhang
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| Open AccessER-localized auxin transporter PIN8 regulates auxin homeostasis and male gametophyte development in Arabidopsis
Plant hormones, such as auxin, coordinate plant development. In this study, an auxin transporter—PIN8—that is expressed in the male gametophyte ofArabidopsis thaliana, is found to regulate cellular homoeostasis and maintain optimal levels of auxin for pollen development.
- Zhaojun Ding
- , Bangjun Wang
- & Jiří Friml
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| Open AccessCleavage and nuclear localization of the rice XA21 immune receptor
The rice pattern recognition receptor—XA21—confers immunity against the Gram-negative bacterial pathogen,Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. This study shows that the intracellular kinase domain of XA21 translocates to the nucleus and that this translocation is essential for the XA21-mediated immune response.
- Chang-Jin Park
- & Pamela C. Ronald
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Chloroplast-mediated activation of plant immune signalling in Arabidopsis
Mediators of plant immunity, such as salicylic acid, are produced in the chloroplasts, but the molecular link between chloroplasts and the immune system is unclear. This work finds that pathogen-associated molecular pattern signals are relayed to chloroplasts and evoke Ca2+signatures in the stroma.
- Hironari Nomura
- , Teiko Komori
- & Takashi Shiina
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TEMPRANILLO genes link photoperiod and gibberellin pathways to control flowering in Arabidopsis
InArabidopsis the photoperiod pathway promotes flowering in response to longer days, but during short days flowering depends on gibberellin accumulation. This study shows that TEMPRANILLO downregulation is required to induce flowering, as TEMPRANILLOgenes repress floral induction in the photoperiod and gibberellin pathways.
- Michela Osnato
- , Cristina Castillejo
- & Soraya Pelaz
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| Open AccessThe Gibberellin perception system evolved to regulate a pre-existing GAMYB-mediated system during land plant evolution
Plant male reproduction is controlled by gibberellin signalling via the transcription factor GAMYB. Here, deletion of GAMYB in a moss species lacking a gibberellin signalling pathway gives rise to abnormal spores, suggesting that primitive plants used GAMYB for the control of sexual organ development.
- Koichiro Aya
- , Yuji Hiwatashi
- & Makoto Matsuoka
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A chloroplast envelope-bound PHD transcription factor mediates chloroplast signals to the nucleus
Retrograde chloroplast signals are essential in coordinating nuclear gene expression, but the mechanism that relays chloroplast signals to the nucleus remains elusive. In this study, a chloroplast envelope-bound transcription factor PTM is shown to transmit chloroplast signals to the nucleus.
- Xuwu Sun
- , Peiqiang Feng
- & Lixin Zhang
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LTD is a protein required for sorting light-harvesting chlorophyll-binding proteins to the chloroplast SRP pathway
Chloroplast proteins are synthesized in the cytosol and imported into the chloroplast before being delivered to the thylakoids. The authors report that an ankyrin-repeat protein, LTD, is essential for the routing of chlorophyll-binding proteins to the signal recognition particle pathway.
- Min Ouyang
- , Xiaoyi Li
- & Lixin Zhang
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Mechanism of signal transduction of the LOV2-Jα photosensor from Avena sativa
Fusion proteins containing blue-light-activated domains have been used as molecular switches to investigate cell signalling, but molecular understanding of the transduction pathway is lacking. Here, MD simulations are used to elucidate the transduction mechanism in a light oxygen voltage2-Ja photosensor.
- Emanuel Peter
- , Bernhard Dick
- & Stephan A. Baeurle