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| Open AccessSingle-cell analysis of chromatin accessibility in the adult mouse brain
An atlas of candidate cis-regulatory DNA elements (cCREs) in the adult mouse brain unravels the transcriptional regulatory programs that drive the heterogeneity and complexity of brain structure and function.
- Songpeng Zu
- , Yang Eric Li
- & Bing Ren
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Article
| Open AccessThe molecular cytoarchitecture of the adult mouse brain
To construct a comprehensive atlas of cell types in each brain structure, we paired high-throughput single-nucleus RNA sequencing with Slide-seq, a recently developed spatial transcriptomics method with near-cellular resolution, across the entire mouse brain.
- Jonah Langlieb
- , Nina S. Sachdev
- & Evan Z. Macosko
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Article
| Open AccessBrain-wide correspondence of neuronal epigenomics and distant projections
This study uses epi-retro-seq to link single-cell epigenomes and cell types to long-distance projections for neurons dissected from different regions projecting to different targets across the whole mouse brain.
- Jingtian Zhou
- , Zhuzhu Zhang
- & Edward M. Callaway
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Article |
A molecular switch for neuroprotective astrocyte reactivity
The authors identify a molecular switch that regulates the balance between neurotoxic and neuroprotective astrocyte populations, with potential application in the treatment of glaucoma and other optic neuropathies.
- Evan G. Cameron
- , Michael Nahmou
- & Jeffrey L. Goldberg
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Research Highlight |
Wee VR googles give mice a true immersive experience
Headset could make it easier to study reactions in the animals’ brains to simulated situations.
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Book Review |
The unsung geniuses who uncovered why we sleep and dream
Just 100 years ago, we understood astoundingly little about sleep and dreaming. A tight-knit band of researchers changed things, against sometimes considerable odds.
- Jennifer L. Martin
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News Feature |
Is cannabis bad for teens? Here’s what the data say
Ten years after cannabis was first legalized for casual use in adults, scientists are struggling to provide evidence-based recommendations about the risks to young people.
- Anil Oza
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News |
How CRISPR gene editing could help treat Alzheimer’s
Some researchers hoping that gene-editing technology can conquer forms of Alzheimer’s caused by genetic mutations.
- Tosin Thompson
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Article
| Open AccessTAF15 amyloid filaments in frontotemporal lobar degeneration
Cryogenic electron microscopy structures of amyloid filaments extracted from patient brains reveal that the protein TAF15 forms filaments that characterize certain cases of frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
- Stephan Tetter
- , Diana Arseni
- & Benjamin Ryskeldi-Falcon
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News |
Brain implants help people to recover after severe head injury
Electrodes placed inside the brains of five people with traumatic injuries improved recipients’ performance in attention and memory tests.
- Miryam Naddaf
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Article
| Open AccessCellular development and evolution of the mammalian cerebellum
Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing data from the cerebellum of human, mouse and opossum is used to analyse the developmental dynamics of cell types and states in mammalian cerebellum and provide evolutionary insights.
- Mari Sepp
- , Kevin Leiss
- & Henrik Kaessmann
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Article
| Open AccessDisease-specific tau filaments assemble via polymorphic intermediates
A time-resolved cryogenic electron microscopy analysis provides structural information on the processes of primary and secondary nucleation of tau amyloid formation, with implications for the development of new therapies.
- Sofia Lövestam
- , David Li
- & Sjors H. W. Scheres
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News |
This sparrow massively expands part of its brain in preparation for mating
The trick baffles researchers — but they are getting closer to understanding how the songbird does it.
- Anil Oza
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News |
These brain cells could influence how fast you eat — and when you stop
Scientists found the cells in mice — and say they could lead to a better understanding of human appetite.
- Carissa Wong
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News & Views |
Ancient DNA uncovers past migrations in California
Genomic data from ancient humans who lived up to 7,400 years ago, sampled from across California and Mexico, unveil patterns of migration that could explain how some Indigenous languages spread in parts of North America.
- Alan Izarraras-Gomez
- & Diego Ortega-Del Vecchyo
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Article
| Open AccessSequential appetite suppression by oral and visceral feedback to the brainstem
Genetically distinct neural circuits in the caudal brainstem receive feedback from the mouth and gut to regulate feeding behaviour on short and long timescales.
- Truong Ly
- , Jun Y. Oh
- & Zachary A. Knight
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World View |
Only 0.5% of neuroscience studies look at women’s health. Here’s how to change that
A new initiative challenges the severe neglect of women’s brain health from puberty through to pregnancy and menopause.
- Emily G. Jacobs
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News |
Wi-Fi for neurons: first map of wireless nerve signals unveiled in worms
Studies find a densely connected network of neurons that communicate over long distances, rather than across synapses.
- Claudia López Lloreda
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News |
CRISPR and ‘e-ink’: new tools could reveal the secrets of cuttlefish camouflage
Technology moves scientists closer than ever to understanding how colour-blind cuttlefish pull off their kaleidoscopic patterns.
- Max Kozlov
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Article |
Potentiating glymphatic drainage minimizes post-traumatic cerebral oedema
Acute oedema after traumatic brain injury is accompanied by the suppression of glymphatic and lymphatic fluid flow due to excessive systemic release of noradrenaline.
- Rashad Hussain
- , Jeffrey Tithof
- & Maiken Nedergaard
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News |
AI that reads brain scans shows promise for finding Alzheimer’s genes
Machine-learning approach detects Alzheimer’s disease with an accuracy of more than 90% — a potential boon for clinicians and scientists developing treatments.
- Max Kozlov
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Research Highlight |
One brain area helps you to enjoy a joke — but another helps you to get it
Seinfeld episodes help scientists to distinguish between the brain regions involved in understanding and appreciating humour.
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Perspective |
Functional neuroimaging as a catalyst for integrated neuroscience
This Perspective reviews successful applications of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and presents a case for fMRI as a central hub on which to integrate the dispersed subfields of systems, cognitive, computational and clinical neuroscience.
- Emily S. Finn
- , Russell A. Poldrack
- & James M. Shine
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Editorial |
Brain and body are more intertwined than we knew
A host of disorders once thought to be nothing to do with the brain are, in fact, tightly coupled to nervous-system activity.
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Article
| Open AccessPreserved neural dynamics across animals performing similar behaviour
Recordings of neural populations from motor cortex and striatum spanning monkeys and mice demonstrate that neural dynamics in individuals from the same species are preserved when they perform similar behaviour.
- Mostafa Safaie
- , Joanna C. Chang
- & Juan A. Gallego
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News Feature |
The rise of brain-reading technology: what you need to know
As implanted devices and commercial headsets advance, what will the real-world impacts be?
- Liam Drew
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Article
| Open AccessNeural landscape diffusion resolves conflicts between needs across time
Behavioural and electrophysiological studies in simultaneously thirsty and hungry mice reveal a neural basis for resolving conflicts between needs, in which choices are guided by a persistent and distributed neural goal state that undergoes spontaneous transitions between goals.
- Ethan B. Richman
- , Nicole Ticea
- & Liqun Luo
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Perspective |
Functional genomics and systems biology in human neuroscience
Technical developments and large collaborative research networks in neurogenomics promise rapid progress in neuroscience, but translation of results from model systems to human brains is limited by sample availability, technical challenges and ethical issues.
- Genevieve Konopka
- & Aparna Bhaduri
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Article
| Open Accessm1A in CAG repeat RNA binds to TDP-43 and induces neurodegeneration
TDP-43 binds to N1-methyladenosine on CAG repeat RNA, resulting in the formation of gel-like TDP-43 aggregates in the cytoplasm that resemble those observed in neurological disease pathology.
- Yuxiang Sun
- , Hui Dai
- & Yinsheng Wang
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Comment |
How AI could lead to a better understanding of the brain
Early machine-learning systems were inspired by neural networks — now AI might allow neuroscientists to get to grips with the brain’s unique complexities.
- Viren Jain
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News |
Spinal implant helps man with advanced Parkinson’s to walk without falling
Electrical stimulation improved his mobility, although researchers say that a larger study is needed to assess the device.
- Emily Waltz
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News & Views |
Brain cancer thrives by hijacking mechanisms to boost synapse strength
Synaptic connections between cancer cells and neurons can boost tumour growth. Analyses of brain tumours reveal how cancer cells enhance the strength of synapses with neurons to promote tumour survival.
- Matthew B. Dalva
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News |
Coffee in stereo: your brain records an odour’s spatial information
Scent information from the two nostrils leads to two types of neural activity.
- Saima Sidik
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Research Briefing |
Identification of neuronal connections between heart and brain that trigger fainting
The neural pathways involved in syncope, or fainting, are not well understood. Studies in mice have identified a defined subset of vagal sensory neurons that connect the heart and brain. Stimulation of these neurons causes reduced heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and neuronal activity in the brain, resulting in syncope.
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News |
What causes fainting? Scientists finally have an answer
Mouse experiments reveal the brain–heart connections that cause us to lose consciousness rapidly — and wake up moments later.
- Miryam Naddaf
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Article
| Open AccessNeural signal propagation atlas of Caenorhabditis elegans
Measurements of signal propagation in more than 23,000 pairs of neurons from nematode worms show that predictions of neural function made on the basis of anatomy are often incorrect, in part owing to the effects of extrasynaptic signalling.
- Francesco Randi
- , Anuj K. Sharma
- & Andrew M. Leifer
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Article
| Open AccessGlioma synapses recruit mechanisms of adaptive plasticity
In glioma, malignant synapses hijack mechanisms of synaptic plasticity to increase glutamate-dependent currents in tumour cells and the formation of neuron–glioma synapses, thereby promoting tumour proliferation and progression.
- Kathryn R. Taylor
- , Tara Barron
- & Michelle Monje
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Article |
iPS-cell-derived microglia promote brain organoid maturation via cholesterol transfer
The authors seek to understand the precise roles of microglia in the early human brain by coculturing brain organoids with primitive-like macrophages generated from the same human induced pluripotent stem cells (iMac).
- Dong Shin Park
- , Tatsuya Kozaki
- & Florent Ginhoux
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Article |
Mechanisms of neurotransmitter transport and drug inhibition in human VMAT2
Structures of a vesicular monoamine transporter in complex with drugs and substrate provide insights into the physiology and pharmacology of neurotransmitter packaging.
- Shabareesh Pidathala
- , Shuyun Liao
- & Chia-Hsueh Lee
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Article
| Open AccessVagal sensory neurons mediate the Bezold–Jarisch reflex and induce syncope
The molecular mechanisms underlying the Bezold–Jarisch reflex and syncope (fainting) involve vagal sensory neurons that express neuropeptide Y receptor Y2, the deletion of which in animal models abolishes the Bezold–Jarisch reflex.
- Jonathan W. Lovelace
- , Jingrui Ma
- & Vineet Augustine
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Article |
CHIT1-positive microglia drive motor neuron ageing in the primate spinal cord
Motor neuron senescence and neuroinflammation with microglial hyperactivation are intertwined hallmarks of spinal cord ageing.
- Shuhui Sun
- , Jiaming Li
- & Guang-Hui Liu
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Book Review |
Consciousness: what it is, where it comes from — and whether machines can have it
To understand where artificial intelligence might be heading, we must first understand what consciousness, the self and free will mean in ourselves.
- Liad Mudrik
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Article
| Open AccessAn ON-type direction-selective ganglion cell in primate retina
Transcriptomic data and functional experiments on macaque retina are used to identify the ON-type direction-selective ganglion cells responsible for detecting moving images and initiating gaze-stabilization mechanisms.
- Anna Y. M. Wang
- , Manoj M. Kulkarni
- & Teresa Puthussery
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Article
| Open AccessA single photoreceptor splits perception and entrainment by cotransmission
The Drosophila R8 photoreceptor separates signals for image perception and circadian photoentrainment by co-releasing histamine and acetylcholine, and this segregation is further established in the postsynaptic circuitry in the medulla.
- Na Xiao
- , Shuang Xu
- & Dong-Gen Luo
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Research Briefing |
How light receptor cells in fruit-fly eyes multitask
A type of light-sensitive cell in one of the visual systems of fruit flies transmits two chemical messengers, histamine and acetylcholine, in response to the same light signal. These two molecules act on distinct neurons that have different functions: one type creates an image and the other synchronizes biological rhythms with the day–night cycle.
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News & Views |
Dopamine determines how reward overrides risk
Why do animals pursue reward in the face of punishment? Dopamine-releasing neurons that promote reward-seeking behaviour indirectly impair those that encode punishment avoidance, affecting decisions on risk.
- Kristin M. Scaplen
- & Karla R. Kaun
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News |
AI ‘breakthrough’: neural net has human-like ability to generalize language
A neural-network-based artificial intelligence outperforms ChatGPT at quickly folding new words into its lexicon, a key aspect of human intelligence.
- Max Kozlov
- & Celeste Biever
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Article
| Open AccessDopaminergic systems create reward seeking despite adverse consequences
In Drosophila, a subpopulation of reward-encoding dopaminergic neurons antagonizes punishment-encoding neurons and can override punishment or hunger cues in favour of reward-seeking behaviour.
- Kristijan D. Jovanoski
- , Lucille Duquenoy
- & Scott Waddell
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Article
| Open AccessNormative spatiotemporal fetal brain maturation with satisfactory development at 2 years
A normative digital atlas of fetal brain maturation produced using 1,059 optimal quality, three-dimensional ultrasound brain volumes from 899 fetuses presents a unique spatiotemporal benchmark from a large cohort with normative postnatal growth and neurodevelopment at 2 years of age.
- Ana I. L. Namburete
- , Bartłomiej W. Papież
- & Stephen H. Kennedy
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