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| Open AccessLong-term cargo tracking reveals intricate trafficking through active cytoskeletal networks in the crowded cellular environment
Leveraging a label-free interferometric scattering microscope, scientists tracked numerous cargos within a crowded cellular environment. Intriguingly, cells employ effective strategies echoing human transportation systems to manage such transportation hurdles.
- Jin-Sung Park
- , Il-Buem Lee
- & Minhaeng Cho
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Article
| Open AccessSingle virus fingerprinting by widefield interferometric defocus-enhanced mid-infrared photothermal microscopy
The study of viruses relies on the detection of viral proteins or viral nucleic acids. Here, the authors present a widefield interferometric defocus-enhanced mid-infrared photothermal (WIDE-MIP) microscope for high-throughput fingerprinting of single viruses.
- Qing Xia
- , Zhongyue Guo
- & Ji-Xin Cheng
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Article
| Open AccessRobotic-OCT guided inspection and microsurgery of monolithic storage devices
Demand for data recovery from monolithic storage devices is high but current methods are inefficient. Here, authors develop a robotic OCT-guided inspection and microsurgery method, minimizing damage to device and enhancing data recovery efficiency.
- Bin He
- , Yuxin Zhang
- & Ning Zhang
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| Open AccessLabel-free adaptive optics single-molecule localization microscopy for whole zebrafish
Specimen-induced aberration can limit the imaging depth in single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM). Here, the authors apply label-free wavefront sensing adaptive optics to SMLM for deep-tissue super-resolution imaging.
- Sanghyeon Park
- , Yonghyeon Jo
- & Wonshik Choi
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Article
| Open AccessSingle-shot isotropic differential interference contrast microscopy
The authors present a metasurface-assisted isotropic DIC microscopy technique. It is based on an original pattern of radial shear interferometry, that converts rectilinear shear into rotationally symmetric radial shear, enabling single-shot isotropic imaging capabilities.
- Xinwei Wang
- , Hao Wang
- & Xumin Ding
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| Open AccessConfocal interferometric scattering microscopy reveals 3D nanoscopic structure and dynamics in live cells
Label-free imaging is crucial to life sciences, but it can be hampered by the lack of 3D imaging capability and low nanoscopic sensitivity. Here, authors show a confocal interferometric scattering microscopy approach allowing the quantification of nanometric topography and intracellular dynamics.
- Michelle Küppers
- , David Albrecht
- & Vahid Sandoghdar
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Article
| Open AccessComputational conjugate adaptive optics microscopy for longitudinal through-skull imaging of cortical myelin
The authors realize longitudinal deep-brain imaging through an intact mouse skull by constructing a high-speed reflection matrix microscope at 1.3 µm wavelength and developing a computational conjugate adaptive optics algorithm eliminating skull aberrations.
- Yongwoo Kwon
- , Jin Hee Hong
- & Wonshik Choi
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Article
| Open AccessFlexible-type ultrathin holographic endoscope for microscopic imaging of unstained biological tissues
Lensless fibre endoscopes are minimally invasive, but are often rigid and require calibration and fluorescence labelling. Here, the authors present a flexible endoscope based on a bare fibre bundle and a lensless Fourier holographic imaging configuration to detect weak reflections from unstained biological tissues.
- Wonjun Choi
- , Munkyu Kang
- & Wonshik Choi
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Article
| Open AccessLight-sheet photonic force optical coherence elastography for high-throughput quantitative 3D micromechanical imaging
The authors introduce photonic force optical coherence elastography that uses a light-sheet for parallelised and localised mechanical loading. They demonstrate the combination of 3D imaging of extracellular matrix mechanics with cellular-scale resolution and dynamic monitoring of cell-mediated changes.
- Yuechuan Lin
- , Nichaluk Leartprapun
- & Steven G. Adie
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| Open AccessEvanescent scattering imaging of single protein binding kinetics and DNA conformation changes
Single molecule detection based on evanescent illumination usually require specially designed nanomaterials. Here, the authors show that single molecule detection can be realised on a plain glass surface via interference between the evanescent lights scattered by molecules and the natural roughness of the glass.
- Pengfei Zhang
- , Lei Zhou
- & Shaopeng Wang
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Article
| Open Access100 Hz ROCS microscopy correlated with fluorescence reveals cellular dynamics on different spatiotemporal scales
In live-cell microscopy, motion blur limits resolution and contrast. Here the authors use 100 Hz super-resolving Rotating Coherent Scattering (ROCS) microscopy on various dynamic biological systems, and time-window analysis to understand biological effects.
- Felix Jünger
- , Dominic Ruh
- & Alexander Rohrbach
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Article
| Open AccessLive-dead assay on unlabeled cells using phase imaging with computational specificity
Common methods for characterising cell viability involve cell staining with chemical reagents. Here the authors report a method for cell viability assessment that does not require labelling; this uses quantitative phase imaging combined with deep learning.
- Chenfei Hu
- , Shenghua He
- & Gabriel Popescu
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Article
| Open AccessTowards non-blind optical tweezing by finding 3D refractive index changes through off-focus interferometric tracking
Optical manipulation of large objects is challenging as optical trap positions are blindly chosen. Here, the authors present off-focus interferometric tracking, which localises optimal grabbing positions with increased refractive index, by analysing the beam deformations of several holographic optical traps.
- Benjamin Landenberger
- , Yatish
- & Alexander Rohrbach
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Article
| Open AccessImaging biological tissue with high-throughput single-pixel compressive holography
Single-pixel holography generates holographic images with a single-pixel detector making this relatively inexpensive. Here the authors report a high-throughput single-pixel compressive holography method for imaging biological tissue which can either provide a large field of view or high resolution.
- Daixuan Wu
- , Jiawei Luo
- & Zhaohui Li
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| Open AccessReal-time imaging of cellular forces using optical interference
Studying dynamic processes in mechanobiology has been challenging due to lack of appropriate tools. Here, the authors present an interference-based method, illuminated via two rapidly alternating wavelengths, which enables real-time mapping of nanoscale forces with sub-second mechanical fluctuations.
- Andrew T. Meek
- , Nils M. Kronenberg
- & Malte C. Gather
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Article
| Open AccessFast photothermal spatial light modulation for quantitative phase imaging at the nanoscale
Here, the authors present a high-speed photothermal spatial light modulator which can generate a step-like wavefront change without diffraction artifacts. They use this to perform quantitative phase imaging, capturing sub-millisecond motion with a nanometer resolution in 3D.
- Hadrien M. L. Robert
- , Kristýna Holanová
- & Marek Piliarik
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Article
| Open AccessPhotonic resonator interferometric scattering microscopy
Here, the authors present photonic resonator interferometric scattering microscopy, which utilises a dielectric photonic crystal as the sample substrate. The resonant near-field enhancement leads to improved signal to noise ratio without increasing illumination intensity.
- Nantao Li
- , Taylor D. Canady
- & Brian T. Cunningham
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Article
| Open AccessPhase imaging with computational specificity (PICS) for measuring dry mass changes in sub-cellular compartments
Quantitative phase imaging suffers from a lack of specificity in label-free imaging. Here, the authors introduce Phase Imaging with Computational Specificity (PICS), a method that combines phase imaging with machine learning techniques to provide specificity in unlabeled live cells with automatic training.
- Mikhail E. Kandel
- , Yuchen R. He
- & Gabriel Popescu
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| Open AccessLaser scanning reflection-matrix microscopy for aberration-free imaging through intact mouse skull
Microscopic imaging of the brain usually requires thinning of the skull, as it causes complex aberration. Here, the authors introduce a label-free imaging modality termed laser scanning reflection-matrix microscopy, which allows for correcting these aberrations and in vivo imaging through an intact mouse skull.
- Seokchan Yoon
- , Hojun Lee
- & Wonshik Choi
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Article
| Open AccessEpi-illumination gradient light interference microscopy for imaging opaque structures
Quantitative phase imaging techniques have been limited by multiple scattering of light or its use in transmission mode. Here, the authors show a gradient light interference microscopy method in a reflection geometry which allows for label-free phase imaging of bulk and opaque samples.
- Mikhail E. Kandel
- , Chenfei Hu
- & Gabriel Popescu
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| Open AccessStudying nucleic envelope and plasma membrane mechanics of eukaryotic cells using confocal reflectance interferometric microscopy
Biomechanical studies of eukaryotic cells have been limited due to low sensitivity and axial resolution in interferometric imaging. Here, the authors present depth-resolved confocal reflectance interferometric microscopy with high sensitivity and temporal resolution, which enables quantification of nucleic envelope and plasma membrane fluctuations.
- Vijay Raj Singh
- , Yi An Yang
- & Peter T. C. So
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| Open AccessLabel-free neuroimaging in vivo using synchronous angular scanning microscopy with single-scattering accumulation algorithm
A major challenge of in vivo imaging is imaging deeper, including in turbid tissue. The authors report an adaptive optics based microscope that uses coherent single scattering signal to reduce sample-induced aberrations and enable fast deep-tissue imaging of in vivo larval zebrafish brain.
- Moonseok Kim
- , Yonghyeon Jo
- & Wonshik Choi
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Article
| Open AccessPhotonic force optical coherence elastography for three-dimensional mechanical microscopy
Optical tweezers, while well suited for micro-manipulation, are difficult to apply to volumetric microrheology. Here, Leartprapun et al. combine low-NA optical radiation-pressure forces with sensitive interferometric detection to enable volumetric microrheology with promising applications in biological systems.
- Nichaluk Leartprapun
- , Rishyashring R. Iyer
- & Steven G. Adie
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| Open AccessHigh-resolution adaptive optical imaging within thick scattering media using closed-loop accumulation of single scattering
Optical imaging deep in biological tissue is difficult due to multiple scattering and specimen induced aberrations of both the incident and reflected light. Here, Kang et al. develop an adaptive closed-loop algorithm to correct tissue aberrations in the presence of multiple scattering for deep tissue imaging.
- Sungsam Kang
- , Pilsung Kang
- & Wonshik Choi
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| Open AccessGradient light interference microscopy for 3D imaging of unlabeled specimens
Challenges in biological imaging include labeling, photobleaching and phototoxicity, as well as light scattering. Here, Nguyen et al. develop a quantitative phase method that uses low-coherence interferometry for label-free 3D imaging in scattering tissue.
- Tan H. Nguyen
- , Mikhail E. Kandel
- & Gabriel Popescu
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| Open AccessTomographic active optical trapping of arbitrarily shaped objects by exploiting 3D refractive index maps
Controlling the three-dimensional behaviour of arbitrarily shaped and oriented particles with optical tweezers is a challenging task. Here, Kim and Park use tomographic active trapping to manipulate non-spherical particles and particle ensembles as well as biological cells.
- Kyoohyun Kim
- & YongKeun Park
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Article |
Near-field interferometry of a free-falling nanoparticle from a point-like source
Testing the validity of the quantum superposition principle with increasingly large particles may shed light on the quantum to classical transition for macroscopic objects. Here, Bateman et al. propose a near-field interference scheme based on the single-source Talbot effect for 106 amu silicon particles.
- James Bateman
- , Stefan Nimmrichter
- & Hendrik Ulbricht
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Article |
The uncertainty principle enables non-classical dynamics in an interferometer
In quantum mechanics, the uncertainty principle is considered a limiting factor forbidding a system from being in a state where all possible measurements have perfectly predictable outcomes. Here, Dahlsten et al. show its positive role as the enabler of non-classical dynamics in an interferometer.
- Oscar C. O. Dahlsten
- , Andrew J. P. Garner
- & Vlatko Vedral
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Article
| Open AccessObservation of a quantum Cheshire Cat in a matter-wave interferometer experiment
One of the paradoxical phenomena of quantum mechanics is the quantum Cheshire Cat, consisting of the apparent spatial separation of a particle and one of its properties. Denkmayr et al.use neutron interferometry to prepare and evaluate the Cheshire Cat state of a neutron and its magnetic moment.
- Tobias Denkmayr
- , Hermann Geppert
- & Yuji Hasegawa
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Article
| Open AccessProbing the solar corona with very long baseline interferometry
Very long baseline interferometry is an astronomical technique that uses radio telescopes on Earth to observe extragalactic radio sources. Here, the authors show that it can be used to measure the electron density of the Sun’s corona and compare their findings to models from spacecraft tracking data.
- B. Soja
- , R. Heinkelmann
- & H. Schuh
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| Open AccessInterferometry with non-classical motional states of a Bose–Einstein condensate
Ramsey interferometers are used to measure minute energy shifts, but they are usually only applied to simple, non-interacting ensembles. Here, the authors demonstrate a two-pulse Ramsey-type interferometer built on the motional states of an interacting Bose–Einstein condensate using optimal control.
- S. van Frank
- , A. Negretti
- & J. Schmiedmayer
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Dynamical control of interference using voltage pulses in the quantum regime
As electronic devices move towards higher frequencies, new quantum mechanical effects become accessible. Gaury and Waintal simulate ultra-fast voltage pulses in the quantum regime and study their ability to dynamically control the relative phases of the paths in an electronic interferometer.
- Benoit Gaury
- & Xavier Waintal
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| Open AccessSpectral interferometric microscopy reveals absorption by individual optical nanoantennas from extinction phase
Absorption by an optical nanoantenna determines its interaction strength with light, yet this quantity is hidden from conventional spectroscopy. Gennaro et al. now demonstrate a spectroscopic technique that reveals a nanoantenna’s absorption by recovering its amplitude and phase response.
- Sylvain D. Gennaro
- , Yannick Sonnefraud
- & Rupert F. Oulton
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| Open AccessAll-optical phase modulation in a cavity-polariton Mach–Zehnder interferometer
Quantum fluids such as cavity-polaritons show nonlinear optical properties of interest in applications such as quantum optics. Here, Sturm and colleagues demonstrate an optical control of the phase of a polariton flow, and make use of this to realize a compact exciton–polariton interferometer.
- C. Sturm
- , D. Tanese
- & J. Bloch
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Article
| Open AccessQuantum metrology with parametric amplifier-based photon correlation interferometers
Interferometers play a key role in precision measurements and metrology. Here, the authors demonstrate a new type of interferometer that replaces the standard beam splitter elements with parametric amplifiers, which provides enhanced performance compared with a Mach–Zehnder interferometer.
- F. Hudelist
- , Jia Kong
- & Weiping Zhang
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| Open AccessSubnanoradian X-ray phase-contrast imaging using a far-field interferometer of nanometric phase gratings
Phase-contrast imaging has become popular for medical diagnostic purposes because of the ability to see transparent structures at relatively small radiation energy dosed to samples. Wenet al.further develop this technique using nanometric phase gratings to achieve subnanoradian sensitivity.
- Han Wen
- , Andrew A. Gomella
- & Douglas E. Wolfe