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| Open AccessNanosecond anomaly detection with decision trees and real-time application to exotic Higgs decays
Real-time inference of collisions using unsupervised AI for discovery is of interest in particle physics. Here, authors present the training and efficient implementation of a decision tree-based autoencoder used as an anomaly detector that executes at 30 ns on FPGA for use in edge computing.
- S. T. Roche
- , Q. Bayer
- & T. M. Hong
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| Open AccessUnraveling radiation damage and healing mechanisms in halide perovskites using energy-tuned dual irradiation dosing
Initial reports suggest unique radiation tolerance of perovskite solar cells. Here, the authors expose both n-i-p and p-i-n devices to low- and high-energy protons, providing a direct proof of radiation-induced efficiency recovery via tuning radiation-matter interactions in the devices.
- Ahmad R. Kirmani
- , Todd A. Byers
- & Joseph M. Luther
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| Open AccessDiscrete symmetries tested at 10−4 precision using linear polarization of photons from positronium annihilations
Positronium decay events can be used to test violation of fundamental symmetries. Here, the authors use events in the J-PET to improve existing limits on P, T and CP invariance in positronium decays, thanks to a method that does not require to measure the positronium spin but determining polarization of the annihilation photons instead.
- Paweł Moskal
- , Eryk Czerwiński
- & Wojciech Wiślicki
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Article
| Open AccessConstraints on axion-like dark matter from a SERF comagnetometer
Axions are hypothetical particles that constitute leading candidates for the identity of dark matter. Here, the authors improve previous exclusion bounds on axion-like particles in the range of 1.4–200 peV, and report direct terrestrial limits on the coupling of protons and neutrons with axion-like dark matter.
- Itay M. Bloch
- , Roy Shaham
- & Or Katz
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| Open AccessPrecise characterization of a corridor-shaped structure in Khufu’s Pyramid by observation of cosmic-ray muons
Khufu’s Pyramid is one of the largest archaeological monuments in the world, and still contains unexplored voids. Here, the authors use cosmic-ray muon radiography in multiple positions to precisely characterize one of these inner structures called the North Face Corridor.
- Sébastien Procureur
- , Kunihiro Morishima
- & Mohamed Elkarmoty
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Article
| Open AccessMeasurement of the transition frequency from 2S1/2, F = 0 to 2P1/2, F = 1 states in Muonium
Muonium is a hydrogen like bound system with a positive muon and an electron. Here the authors measure the Lamb shift and frequency of the transition from 2S1/2, F = 0 state to 2P1/2, F = 1 state in muonium atom and the hyperfine structure of the 2S level.
- Gianluca Janka
- , Ben Ohayon
- & Paolo Crivelli
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| Open AccessSearch for Dark Matter Axions with CAST-CAPP
Haloscopes aim at detecting axions by converting them into photons using high-quality resonant cavities, where the cavity resonance should be tuned with the unknown axion mass. Here, the authors improve exclusion limits using four phase-matched resonant cavities and a fast frequency scanning technique.
- C. M. Adair
- , K. Altenmüller
- & K. Zioutas
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Article
| Open AccessStudy of the doubly charmed tetraquark \({{{{{{\rm{T}}}}}}}_{{{{{{\rm{c}}}}}}{{{{{\rm{c}}}}}}}^{+}\)
The existence and properties of tetraquark states with two heavy quarks and two light antiquarks have been widely debated. Here, the authors use a unitarized model to study the properties of an exotic narrow state compatible with a doubly charmed tetraquark.
- R. Aaij
- , A. S. W. Abdelmotteleb
- & G. Zunica
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Article
| Open AccessTesting CPT symmetry in ortho-positronium decays with positronium annihilation tomography
CPT violation could manifest itself in annihilating positronium events, but searching for this effect would require to know the spin of the annihilating system. Here, the authors do this using a positron-emission tomography scanner, finding no violation with a statistical precision of 10−4.
- P. Moskal
- , A. Gajos
- & W. Wiślicki
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Article
| Open AccessA Brewster route to Cherenkov detectors
Cherenkov detectors are used to detect high energy particles and their performance capabilities depend heavily on the material used. Here, the authors propose use of a Brewster-optics-based angular filter for a detector with increased sensitivity and particle identification capability.
- Xiao Lin
- , Hao Hu
- & Yu Luo
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Article
| Open AccessAutomation and control of laser wakefield accelerators using Bayesian optimization
Laser wakefield accelerators are compact sources of ultra-relativistic electrons which are highly sensitive to many control parameters. Here the authors present an automated machine learning based method for the efficient multi-dimensional optimization of these plasma-based particle accelerators.
- R. J. Shalloo
- , S. J. D. Dann
- & M. J. V. Streeter
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Article
| Open AccessSearching for an exotic spin-dependent interaction with a single electron-spin quantum sensor
Investigation of exotic electron–nucleon interactions with few-micrometers range requires micrometer-scale, highly-sensitive and well-isolated sensors. Here, the authors use an NV center to set limits on the monopole–dipole interaction between its electron spin and the nucleons of a half-ball lens.
- Xing Rong
- , Mengqi Wang
- & Jiangfeng Du
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| Open AccessA glimpse of gluons through deeply virtual compton scattering on the proton
It remains a challenge to find the structure and the distribution of the constituents of nucleons. Here the authors use a scattering method to get information about the gluons and quarks inside a proton and separate the contribution of Bethe-Heitler from the deeply virtual Compton scattering process.
- M. Defurne
- , A. Martí Jiménez-Argüello
- & P. Zhu
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Article
| Open AccessAntihydrogen accumulation for fundamental symmetry tests
Antihydrogen studies are important in testing the fundamental principles of physics but producing antihydrogen in large amounts is challenging. Here the authors demonstrate an efficient and high-precision method for trapping and stacking antihydrogen by using controlled plasma.
- M. Ahmadi
- , B. X. R. Alves
- & J. S. Wurtele
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Article
| Open AccessExploring the hidden interior of the Earth with directional neutrino measurements
The detection of Earth’s anti neutrino emission from potassium and the mantle remain elusive. Here the authors propose a method for measuring potassium and mantle geo-neutrinos by detecting their elastic scattering on electrons with direction-sensitive detectors.
- Michael Leyton
- , Stephen Dye
- & Jocelyn Monroe
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| Open AccessIn-beam measurement of the hydrogen hyperfine splitting and prospects for antihydrogen spectroscopy
Comparing the ground-state hyperfine structure of antihydrogen to that of hydrogen will provide insights into CPT symmetry in nature. Here the authors report the most precise in-beam measurement of this quantity for hydrogen to demonstrate the viability of ASACUSA’s setup to measure it in antihydrogen.
- M. Diermaier
- , C. B. Jepsen
- & E. Widmann
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| Open AccessObservation of acceleration and deceleration in gigaelectron-volt-per-metre gradient dielectric wakefield accelerators
Wakefield accelerators are a cheaper and compact alternative to conventional particle accelerators for high-energy physics and coherent x-ray sources. Here, the authors demonstrate a field gradient in excess of a gigaelectron-volt-per-metre using a terahertz-frequency wakefield supported by a dielectric lined-waveguide.
- B. D. O’Shea
- , G. Andonian
- & J. B. Rosenzweig
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Article
| Open AccessExotic topological density waves in cold atomic Rydberg-dressed fermions
Rydberg atomic gases have proven a fertile playground for exploring exotic phases of condensed matter systems. Here, Li and Das Sarma study Rydberg-dressed atomic fermions in a 3D optical lattice and find a series of mixed topological density wave phases having no analogue in conventional materials.
- Xiaopeng Li
- & S Das Sarma
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| Open AccessGeneration of neutral and high-density electron–positron pair plasmas in the laboratory
Electron–positron pair plasma—a state of matter with a complete symmetry between negatively and positively charged particles—are found in many astrophysical object. Here, the authors use high-power laser to create an ion-free electron–positron plasma in the laboratory.
- G. Sarri
- , K. Poder
- & M. Zepf
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| Open AccessAn experimental limit on the charge of antihydrogen
Fundamental theories do not predict a difference between the properties of matter and antimatter, but experimental tests of this are still in their infancy. To this end, this study analyses the effects of electric fields on antihydrogen atoms in the ALPHA trap to place a bound on the charge of antihydrogen.
- C. Amole
- , M. D. Ashkezari
- & A. E. Charman