Featured
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Article
| Open Access
Mode of delivery modulates the intestinal microbiota and impacts the response to vaccination
The establishment and composition of the host microbiota is known to impact the function of the host immune response. Here the authors show that mode of delivery may impact the intestinal microbiota composition from birth and modulate the response to routine childhood vaccines.
- Emma M. de Koff
- , Debbie van Baarle
- & Susana Fuentes
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Article
| Open Access
Breadth of SARS-CoV-2 neutralization and protection induced by a nanoparticle vaccine
The authors have previously demonstrated the neutralising capacity of their nanoparticle vaccine, as well as showing protection of non-human primates from SARS-CoV-2 WA-1 infection. In this work, they investigate the ability of their vaccine candidate to neutralise SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, and protect animals from other sarbecoviruses.
- Dapeng Li
- , David R. Martinez
- & Barton F. Haynes
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Article
| Open Access
ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) or nCoV-19-Beta (AZD2816) protect Syrian hamsters against Beta Delta and Omicron variants
Whilst the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine has demonstrated efficacy against symptomatic disease, variants of concern (VOCs) with spike protein substitutions have led researchers to explore updating vaccines from ancestral spike protein. Authors use a Syrian hamster model to evaluate a vaccine encoding the spike protein of Beta VOC and assess efficacy against VOCs.
- Neeltje van Doremalen
- , Jonathan E. Schulz
- & Vincent J. Munster
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Article
| Open Access
Dual vaccination against IL-4 and IL-13 protects against chronic allergic asthma in mice
Asthma is caused by hyperreactivity to benign antigens, with humoral immunity orchestrated by interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 being the key etiological factor. Here the authors show, in humanized mouse models, that dual vaccination against IL-4 and IL-13 induces their durable suppression ameliorate experimental asthma, and to hint clinical translation.
- Eva Conde
- , Romain Bertrand
- & Laurent L. Reber
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Article
| Open Access
Structural and mechanistic basis of capsule O-acetylation in Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A
Neisseria meningitidis capsular polysaccharide (CPS) is a major virulence factor and vaccine formulations against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A (NmA) contain O-acetylated CPS. Here, the authors provide mechanistic insights into CPS O-acetylation in NmA by determining the crystal structure of the O-acetyltransferase CsaC and NMR measurements further reveal that the CsaC-mediated reaction is regioselective for O3 and that the O4 modification results from spontaneous O-acetyl migration.
- Timm Fiebig
- , Johannes T. Cramer
- & Martina Mühlenhoff
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Article
| Open Access
A stabilized glycomimetic conjugate vaccine inducing protective antibodies against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A
The Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A capsular polysaccharide (MenA CPS) is a component of commercial vaccines, but is unstable. Here, the authors generate glycomimetic oligomers that demonstrate higher stability than their natural counterparts and induce protective antibodies in mice.
- Jacopo Enotarpi
- , Marta Tontini
- & Roberto Adamo
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Article
| Open Access
High residual carriage of vaccine-serotype Streptococcus pneumoniae after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Malawi
Impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) in controlling carriage needs to be evaluated to inform vaccine policy. Here, Swarthout et al. show in a prospective rolling cross-sectional study in Malawi a high residual prevalence of vaccine-serotype S. pneumoniae 7 years after PCV introduction.
- Todd D. Swarthout
- , Claudio Fronterre
- & Robert S. Heyderman
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Article
| Open Access
A platform for glycoengineering a polyvalent pneumococcal bioconjugate vaccine using E. coli as a host
Bioconjugation is a promising process to manufacture conjugate vaccines, but currently employed enzymes cannot generate the full spectrum of bacterial glycoproteins. Here, the authors use an O-linking oligosaccharyltransferase to generate a polyvalent pneumococcal bioconjugate vaccine with polysaccharides containing glucose at their reducing end.
- Christian M. Harding
- , Mohamed A. Nasr
- & Mario F. Feldman
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Article
| Open Access
Bacterially derived synthetic mimetics of mammalian oligomannose prime antibody responses that neutralize HIV infectivity
Neutralizing antibodies to oligomannose glycans on HIV Env are difficult to elicit, possibly due to B cell tolerance. Here, Pantophlet et al. synthesize mimetics based on a bacterial oligosaccharide and show that they evoke HIV-neutralizing antibody responses in animals with a human Ig repertoire.
- Ralph Pantophlet
- , Nino Trattnig
- & Paul Kosma
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Article
| Open Access
Deciphering minimal antigenic epitopes associated with Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei lipopolysaccharide O-antigens
Melioidosis and glanders are multifaceted infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. Here, the authors synthesize a series of oligosaccharides that mimic the lipopolysaccharides present on the pathogens’ surface and use them to develop novel glycoconjugates for vaccine development.
- Marielle Tamigney Kenfack
- , Marcelina Mazur
- & Charles Gauthier
A comprehensive synthetic library of poly-N-acetyl glucosamines enabled vaccine against lethal challenges of Staphylococcus aureus