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Mutation of a mismatch repair gene accelerated the genomic mutation rate of Salmonella Enteritidis infecting an immunocompromized individual, leading to levels of evolution that parallel those found in successful host-restricted bacterial pathogens.
Whole genomes of 185 atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC) isolates reveal 30 LEE (locus of enterocyte effacement) subtypes in 3 major lineages, varying in insertion site preference and their complement of non-LEE encoded effector genes.
Comparative genomics of 70 lethal, non-lethal symptomatic and asymptomatic enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) isolates identifies the virulence-associated genes that are significantly more prevalent in symptomatic and lethal infections.
Streptococcus pyogenes (also known as group A Streptococcus or GAS) streptolysin S (SLS)-mediated red blood cell lysis occurs through disruption of the function of major erythrocyte anion exchange protein, band 3, leading to Cl- ion influx.
Tetrahydropyrazo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide (THPP) targets the essential non-catalytic enoyl-CoA hydratase homologue EchA6 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and not MmpL3 as previously thought.
Combining a map of human and animal melioidosis cases and the presence of environmental Burkholderia pseudomallei in a formal modelling framework to estimate the global burden of the disease reveals that it is severely under-reported.
Most viral genomes and replicases are encased in a proteinaceous coat known as a capsid. Here, the authors identify a curious case of an obligate association between two RNA viruses in which one of the viruses misappropriates the capsid coat from the other, a process known as trans-encapsidation.
Quorum sensing (QS) systems in bacteria coordinate collective behaviour through the use of secreted signal molecules called autoinducers. Here, the authors identify conditions under which flow can activate or repress QS in S. aureus and V. cholera.
A crystal structure of the C. difficile toxin TcdA reveals a requirement for zinc during autoprocessing and a delivery domain involved in the pH-dependent pore formation that allows the toxin to exit the endosome.
Bacterial symbionts in natural populations of the stinkbug Plautia stali are undergoing an evolutionary transition from a free-living lifestyle in the environment to obligate mutualism.
Natural populations of Saccharomyces paradoxus in which rapid evolution of chromosome architecture and contact between nascent species drove the formation of a new species through homoploid hybrid speciation.
Genome-wide 3ʹ-end mapping shows that Bacillus subtilis terminators that depend on NusA have weak hairpins and/or distal U-tract interruptions, suggesting NusA is directly involved in the termination mechanism.