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Two patients have received infusions of an investigational chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell that targets the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein gp120 (LVgp120duoCAR-T cells). The open-label phase 1/2 dose-escalation study aims to recruit 18 participants and is expected to conclude by the end of 2025. To be included in the trial, patients must have been under effective anti-retroviral therapy for at least 12 continuous months before enrollment. The participants’ anti-retroviral therapy is interrupted at the time of CAR T cell administration, and they are monitored for safety and viral rebound. Steven Deeks at the University of California, San Francisco, leads the trial, which also involves the University of California, Davis, and Case Western Reserve University hospitals.